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SPACE EXPLORATION

SPACE EXPLORATION. Ancient Astronomy. Ancient Greeks: Geocentric Model. COPERNICUS Earth revolves around the sun “Heliocentric” model of the solar system. 1500’s. GALILEO Builds first telescope Sees 4 moons orbiting Jupiter Sees Milky Way is made of millions of stars

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SPACE EXPLORATION

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  1. SPACE EXPLORATION

  2. Ancient Astronomy

  3. Ancient Greeks: Geocentric Model

  4. COPERNICUS Earth revolves around the sun “Heliocentric” model of the solar system 1500’s

  5. GALILEO Builds first telescope Sees 4 moons orbiting Jupiter Sees Milky Way is made of millions of stars Sees mountains on the moon 1600’s

  6. 1600’s NEWTON: Laws of Motion

  7. 1700’s Uranus is discovered

  8. 1957 Russians launch first artificial satellite Sputnik The Cold War Space Race

  9. 1957 one month after Sputnik, Russians launch first dog in space Laika The Cold War Space Race

  10. 1958 USA launches first American satellite Explorer 1 The Cold War Space Race

  11. 1961 Russians put first man into “low Earth orbit” Yuri Gagarin 108 minutes in orbit Cosmonaut The Cold War Space Race

  12. May, 1961 One month after Gagarin’s flight, USA puts man into space Alan Shepherd Astronaut The Cold War Space Race

  13. The Cold War Space Race May 25, 1961 President John F. Kennedy announces: USA will put man on the moon before 1970

  14. Mercury Space Program • 1961- 3 6 space flights put one astronaut at a time into low earth orbit

  15. Gemini Space Program • 1965-1967 • 10 flights put two astronauts at a time into low earth orbit • Goals: • longer duration flights • practice rendezvous and docking with space vehicles • perfect re-entry and landing • Buzz Aldrin and Jim Lovell in Gemini 12

  16. 1968-1972 USA 11 missions # 7,8,9,10 orbit 3 men around Earth and Moon (Jim Lovell) Apollo Space Program

  17. Used in Apollo 363 feet tall 6 million pounds 90% of weight was fuel 1.5 million pounds of thrust 1250 gallons fuel per second Saturn V Rocket

  18. How fast does a rocket need to go to get into orbit? ESCAPE VELOCITY The speed a rocket needs to go to escape Earth’s gravity • 7 miles per second • 25,000 miles per hour (assumes no air friction)

  19. July 1969 Apollo 11 USA puts first man on the moon Armstrong, Aldrin, Collins Apollo Space Program

  20. Apollo Space Program • 5 more moon landings until 1972 • # 12, 14, 15, 16, 17 • #13 Lovell, Haise, Swigert • #16 Mattingly Lovell, Swigert, Haise

  21. Voyager Interstellar Mission • Launch in 1977 • Voyager 1 and 2 • Goal: explore the outer planets and beyond the solar system

  22. Where are the Voyagers now?

  23. 1981 USA launches first Space Shuttle Columbia Post-Cold War Space Exploration

  24. 1986 Russians put first Space Station in orbit around Earth Mir means “Peace” Used for 15 years Space Station Mir

  25. 1986 USA Space Shuttle Challenger explodes after take-off Space Shuttle Challenger

  26. 1990 USA sends Hubble Space telescope into orbit Avoids interference from Earth’s atmosphere Serviced by Space Shuttle Hubble Space Telescope

  27. 1995 USA sends Galileo Probe into Jupiter Galileo Probe

  28. 1998 International Space Station US and Russian crew live there beginning in 2000 International Space Station

  29. 2003 Space Shuttle Columbia explodes during re-entry Space Shuttle Columbia

  30. 2004 Cassini Probe reaches Saturn Cassini Probe

  31. 2004 Opportunity 2009 Spirit 2012 Curiosity Search for life on Mars Mars Rovers

  32. Kepler Space Telescope • 2009-2013 • Search for habitable planets around other stars • “Exoplanets” • 135 confirmed planets • 2677 candidates

  33. Future NASA Missions • No more “low earth orbit” missions • Focus on long distance space exploration • Man on Asteroid (2025) • Man on Mars (2030) • Space Launch System (SLS):New generation of rocket (2017?) • “Apollo on steroids” • Lift 63-220 tons • 4 – man Multipurpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV) can dock with other craft • Crew compartment will land on ground (not ocean)

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