1 / 29

Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Protista. What’s a Protist?. Protist, not Protest Protists are: Eukaryotes (cells have nucleus & organelles) Mainly single-celled , but have multicellular also Not a fungus, a plant, or an animal 3 Types: Animal-Like, Plant-Like, & Fungus-Like Protists. Animal-Like Protists.

perrin
Download Presentation

Kingdom Protista

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Kingdom Protista

  2. What’s a Protist? • Protist, not Protest • Protists are: • Eukaryotes (cells have nucleus & organelles) • Mainly single-celled, but have multicellular also • Not a fungus, a plant, or an animal • 3 Types: • Animal-Like, Plant-Like, & Fungus-Like Protists

  3. Animal-Like Protists • Known as PROTOZOANS (first animal) • Heterotrophic • Get energy from other organisms • 4 Types: distinguished by their movement • Zooflagellates • Sarcodines • Ciliates • Sporozoans

  4. Zooflagellates • Move by using FLAGELLA • Have one or two flagella • Absorb food through cell membrane from dead organisms • Live in streams or lakes • Reproduce Asexually by mitosis or Sexually by meiosis

  5. Sarcodines • Move with PSEUDOPODS • These are cytoplasmic extensions • Also use PSEUDOPODS for feeding • They surround food with membrane making a food vacoule • Examples: • Amoebas, Foraminiferans, & Heliozoans

  6. Ciliates • Use CILIA for feeding and movement • Instead of having only 1 or 2, they have many cilias • Use cilia to move food into gullet and make food vacoule • Reproduce their mitosis • Also go through conjugation to pass genes (just like some bacteria) • Example: Paramecium

  7. Sporozoans • Unique because they don’t move freely • PARASITIC – live in host • Reproduce through SPOROZOITES • Sporozoites attach to a host cell and penetrate it to live in it

  8. Protozoans & Diseases • Malaria • Caused by sporozoanPlasmodium • Passed on by mosquitoes • African Sleeping Sickness • Caused by zooflagellateTrypanosoma • Transmitted by bite of the tsetse fly • Effects nervous system; fall into fatal sleep • Amebic Dysentary • Caused by amoebaEntamoeba

  9. Part 2

  10. Plant-Like Protists – Unicellular • Unicellular ALGAE • Why plant-like? • Because contain pigments & photosynthetic • Contain chlorophyll & accessory pigments • 4 Types: 1) Euglenophytes 3) Diatoms 2) Chrysophytes 4) Dinoflagellates

  11. Euglenophytes • Have 2 flagella • Have chloroplast & chlorophyll • Unlike plants = no cell wall • For protection instead have Pellicle • Have EYESPOT = cluster of red pigments to help find sunlight • Reproduce asexually by Binary Fission

  12. Chrysophytes • Name means “Golden Plants” • Yellow-Green Algae • Cell wall contains pectin & cellulose • Store food as oil, not starch (like plants) • Reproduce asexually & sexually

  13. Diatoms • Most abundant organism • Cell walls made of silicon (Si) • Silicon is the main component of glass • Look like two petri-dishes on each other • When they die, make Diatomaceous Earth

  14. Dinoflagellates • ½ are Photosynthetic & ½ are Heterotrophic • Have 2 flagella that wrap around body • Cell wall made of Cellulose (like plants) • Reproduce asexually (Binary Fission)

  15. Plant-Like Protists – Multicellular • Multicellular ALGAE 1) Green Algae 2) Red Algae 3) Brown Algae • Biggest Difference is their Pigments

  16. Green Algae • Extremely similar to plants: • Have chlorophyll a and b • Cell walls of cellulose • Stores food as starch • Can be unicellular, colonial, & multicellular

  17. Brown Algae General Structure: • Contains chlorophyll a and c • Also contains fucoxanthin (brown pigment) • Largest known algae, Giant Kelp

  18. Red Algae • Have chlorophyll a & phycobilins (red pigment) • Good at making energy, so grow in deep water • Important to coral reefs

  19. Reproduction in Algae • Many life cycles have two generations: • Haploid (n) = Spores & Gametes • Diploid (2n) = Sporophyte & Zygote

  20. Human Uses of Algae • Major Food Source 1) Sushi • Dried & used as a wrap (Porphira – red algae) • Also used for salad (Green algae) 2) Ice cream, Cheese, Syrups, Puddings • Algin – Brown Algae • Carrageenan – Red Algae • Industrial Uses • Algin used for paint, rubber, cosmetics • Pigments also used for medicine & pharmaceuticals

  21. Part 3

  22. Fungus-Like Protists • Like fungus, these are Heterotrophs • Absorb nutrients from dead organisms • Key role = recycle organic material • Unlike true fungus: • Have centrioles • Don’t have chitin cell walls • 2 Types: 1) Slime Molds & 2) Water Molds

  23. Slime Molds • Two Groups: • Cellular Slime Molds & Acellular Slime Molds (seperated by cell membrane) (cells fuse to form 1 with many nuclei) • Cellular Slime Molds • Free Living, but release chemicals to attract individuals • Form colonies • Reproduce by Fruiting Body that releases spores • Acellular Slime Molds • Single cells fuse together to form PLASMODIA • Fruiting bodies spring up and release spores with flagella

  24. Water Molds • Thrive on dead or decaying organisms • Some live on land as plant parasites • Produce HYPHAE: • Many cells together • Cell walls made of cellulose • Produce spores that are motile • Reproduce both asexually & sexually • Antheridium= produces male nuclei • Oogonium = produces female nuclei

More Related