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Bellringer

Learn about the three types of rocks - sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous - and their characteristics. Discover how rocks are formed and the unique features of each type. Explore real-life examples and test your understanding with interactive quizzes.

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Bellringer

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  1. Bellringer • Copy down daily learning log • Pg. 35: Types of Rocks Notes • Copy down homework • Paragraph #1: R.A.F.T *Have homework & pride card out (glue homework into notebook)

  2. Naturally formed Solid Mixture of one or more minerals It is not: A pile of sand (b/c the pieces are not packed together) A tree because it is a living thing What is a rock?

  3. The three types of rocks and their characteristics (what do they look like?) are based on how the rock was formed *Rocks Cycle Video

  4. Rock Cycle R.A.F.T • Rough draft due on Friday • Will be peer edited in class on Monday (or Friday if finished before then) • Final copy due on Tuesday.

  5. Sedimentary Rocks

  6. Sedimentary Rock • Sediments such as dust, mud, rock, sand and shells sweep into oceans and rivers and settle to the bottom

  7. Sedimentary Rock Over millions of years these sediments form layers hundreds of meters thick. The layers press on one another, which causes the sediment to form a rock Sediments

  8. Sedimentary Formation • Weathering: rocks are broken into little pieces called sediments • Erosion: sediments move from one place to another • Deposition: sediments settle down somewhere on earth’s surface and stop moving around • Compaction: sediments are squeezed together • Cementation: sediments start sticking together and make a sedimentary rock

  9. Sedimentary Rock Characteristics Flat Layers Mixed Particle Size Fossils

  10. Fossils Sedimentary rocks are the only type of rock that can sometimes contain fossils. 4

  11. Examples Sandstone-made of grains of sand; often oil is found beneath layers of sandstone Shale-also known as “mudstone”; usually found near slowly moving water Limestone- made of dead organisms and/or their shells; often found in shallow waters Coal- made from the carbon in dead plants; can be burned for energy

  12. Real Life: The Grand Canyon (Arizona, USA)

  13. Check for Understanding: Think-Pair-Share • Which of the rocks samples below is probably a sedimentary rock? Write your claim and evidence on your white board.

  14. Metamorphic Rocks

  15. Formation • Metamorphic rocks are made when a rock changes due to heat or pressure • Heat from mantle/core, pressure from weight of rocks above • Formed deep underground

  16. Characteristics • Foliated (Bended layers) • Non-Foliated: Squished grains • Very hard and dense • Because of intense heat and pressure • Often used for construction (ex: marble)

  17. Bending Layers

  18. Squished Grains

  19. Examples of Metamorphic • Marble: Non-foliated rock that comes from metamorphosed limestone or dolomite • Quartzite: Non-foliated rock that comes from metamorphosed sandstone Slate: Foliated rock that comes from metamorphosed shale

  20. Check for Understanding: Think-Pair-Share • Which of the rocks samples below is probably a metamorphic rock? Write your claim and evidence on your white boards. Sample A – it shows the characteristic folded layers and twisted bands

  21. Igneous Rocks

  22. Pre-Fix • What does the pre-fix “IN” mean? • “In”= “Inside” • What other examples have the prefix “IN” which mean “inside”? • What does the pre-fix “EX” mean? • Ex= Outside • What other examples have the prefix “EX” which means “outside”?

  23. Intrusive Igneous Rock: Stone Mountain is an example of Intrusive Igneous! • Formed from the cooling& hardening of magma • Magma is molten (melted) rock inside the Earth • Cools slowly

  24. Characteristics of Intrusive Igneous Rock: Large grains

  25. Example of Intrusive Igneous Rock: Granite-large grains grains made mostly of quartz & feldspar Gabbro-Dark-colored & coarse grained found mostly in the oceanic crust

  26. Real Life: Igneous RockStone Mountain, GA

  27. Extrusive Igneous Rock • Formed from the cooling& hardeningof lava • Lava is molten (melted) rock outside the Earth • Cools quickly

  28. Extrusive Igneous Rock Characteristics Shiny Air Bubbles

  29. Examples of Igneous Rock: Pumice-gray with air bubbles Obsidian-Shiny, black and smooth

  30. Examples of Igneous Rock:

  31. Check for Understanding: Think-Pair-Share • Which of the rocks samples below is probably an igneous rock? Write your claim and evidence on your white boards. Sample A – it shows the characteristic folded layers and twisted bands

  32. Bubbles Quiz: Intrusive or Extrusive?

  33. Glassy Appearance Quiz: Intrusive or Extrusive?

  34. Big Grains Quiz: Intrusive or Extrusive?

  35. Big Grains Quiz: Intrusive or Extrusive?

  36. Quiz: Intrusive or Extrusive?

  37. Summary • Sedimentary rocks form when rocks are weathered…. • Metamorphic rocks form…. • Igneous rocks form…. • The two types of igneous rock are…. • Magma in _______ igneous rock cools __________ inside of the earth, while lava in_____________ igneous rock cools ___________________ outside of the earth.

  38. Inquiry: See how much you already know! • Observe the 8 rocks on your desk. • Based on the characteristics and formation of each type of rock, guess which rocks are sedimentary, metamorphic, extrusive igneous, and intrusive igneous rocks (2 of each). • Write what characteristics they have next to each • Characteristics may include shiny, air bubbles, large grains or crystals, mixed particle size, fossils, flat layers, bended layers

  39. Sedimentary Rock Flat Layers Mixed Particle Size Travertine Fossils Coquina

  40. Metamorphic • Foliated (Bended layers) • Non-Foliated: Squished grains • Very hard and dense • Because of intense heat and pressure • Often used for construction (ex: marble) Schist Gneiss

  41. Intrusive Igneous Rock Large grains Granite Anthorsite

  42. Extrusive Igneous Rock Shiny Air Bubbles Obsidian Pumice

  43. Practice • Create a Venn Diagram for Intrusive and Extrusive Igneous Rock. Should have at least 3 differences (where its formed, name of molten rock, characteristics, cooling rate) for each, and one similarity. • Intrusive: Inside the earth, cools slowly, large grains, magma • Extrusive: Outside the earth/volcano, cools quickly, shiny or air bubbles, lava • Both: Formed from molten rock cooling and hardening, igneous rocks

  44. Practice • What process would each #1 represent? • What process would #2 represent? Write your claim and evidence for each.

  45. Practice • What process would each #3 represent? • What process would #4 represent? Write your claim and 1 piece of evidence for each.

  46. Practice • What 3 processes could occur to a sedimentary rock?

  47. PracticeCopy the table below and categorize each characteristic in the correct column Air bubbles Large grains Shiny Flat layers Bended layers Quickly cooling Slowly cooling • Fossils • Heat and pressure • Compaction and cementation • magma cooling • lava cooling

  48. Whiteboard Classify: RocksS=Sedimentary, I=Igneous, M=Metamorphic • ___Bended or Twisted Layers • ___Flat layers • ___Shiny or porous • ___Fossils • ___Formed by heat and pressure • ___Formed by weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation • ___Formed by the cooling of magma or lava

  49. Practice Copy down the following words and put a check mark next to the objects that you would consider a rock.

  50. Practice • You find the following rock in your yard. What type of rock is it? Write claim and evidence (how was it formed?)

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