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Vitamin Metabolism. Robert F. Waters , PhD. Basic Chart. Vitamins Continued:. Vitamins Continued:. Thiamin. In all cells including brain Tpp-active form HMP, PDH, TCA Absorption by active transport and diffusion Not stored Toxicity None reported Deficiency
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Vitamin Metabolism Robert F. Waters, PhD
Thiamin • In all cells including brain • Tpp-active form • HMP, PDH, TCA • Absorption by active transport and diffusion • Not stored • Toxicity • None reported • Deficiency • Mainly associated with alcoholism • Beriberi • Peripheral neuropathy especially frequently used limbs • Thiaminases (Lower Thiamin Availability) • In raw fish (sushi), shellfish • Tannins, factors in tea and coffee
Riboflavin • Lack causes pellagra (Same for lack of niacin) • Dermatitis (Esp. nose and scrotum) • Vascularization of cornea • Magenta tongue • Stronger oxidizing agents than NAD thus in ETS type systems. • Two oxygens may be attached when in reduced form • Active forms are FAD and FMN • Toxicity (Very low) • Absorption • Upper small intestine by active transport • Not stored • IN; ETS, FAS, FAO, MAO, Xanthine Oxidase, Glutathione Reductase (RBC)
Riboflavin Continued: • Stimulated by T3 (Thyronine)