Chapter 24 World War II

1. Chapter 24World War II ?? - 1945

2. Chapter 24 Section 1 I can list the events that led to the outbreak of World War II

3. Reading: Pgs. 802 - 807 Bullet Points p. 795 Bullet Points: Pg.829 Read pgs. 770 - 775

4. Events • 1918 – World War I Armistice was not a world wide treaty • Germans punished and suffer from WWI • 1921 – World suffers post war recession • Adolf Hitler becomes the leader of the German Nazi Party

5. Different Countries With Similar Problems and Results • Russia • Italy • Germany • Japan

6. Italy • Economic and Social Problems cause unrest • 1922 – Benito Mussolini threatens to overthrow government How does the Italian government respond?

7. Italy • Mussolini named “Prime Minister” • Creates World’s First Fascist Government

8. Fascism • A political system based on militarism, extreme nationalism, and loyalty to the state and its leader. • The boss is always right • Superior nations must conquer and control weaker nations

9. Mussolini • Italy is superior to other countries • Return to the Roman Empire • Banned • Freedom of the Press • Other Political Parties • Jailed or Murdered Critics

10. Italy Problems Government Changes

11. Russia Joseph Stalin and the Communist Party

12. Russia • Communism created a totalitarian government in Russia • Totalitarian - Single Party System • Government controls farms, land, animals, and buisnesses • 4 million critics were executed or sent to prison camps (GULAGS)

13. GULAGS

14. Russia Problems Government Society

15. Germany • Economic struggles caused by WWI led to the rise of the Nazi Party and Adolf Hitler • Harsh treatment from WWI left many Germans unhappy with the World

16. Nazism • Form of Fascism • Anti-Semitic • Germans are the Master Race • Believed WWI was lost because Jews and inferior people like Gypsies • Hitler uses this belief to his advantage

18. Adolf Hitler • Elected Chancellor in 1933 • Political Parties Outlawed • Secret Police Enforce His Will

19. Jewish Community in Germany • Blamed for social and economic issues • Scapegoat • Banned from professions • Community was attacked • Sent to slave labor camps

24. Germany Government Society

25. Japan • Japan’s economy struggles following WWI • Japan felt that they need space • 1936 – Militarists take control

26. Japan’s Military Aggression • Believed they were superior • Racist • Aggression – Warlike actions against another nation without cause • 1931 – Japan Seizes Manchuria and China • 1937 – Attacks Nanjing China, 250,000 Civilians and POW’s killed

29. Japan Government Society

30. Japan’s Control of Asia

31. Consequences • Japan suspended from League of Nations for one year

32. Four New Powers Italy Russia Japan Germany Leaders

33. Italy’s Military Aggression • 1935 – Italy Invades Ethiopia • HaileSelassie (Ethiopian leader) appeals to the League of Nations • Weak response • Ethiopia Falls

34. Germany’s Military Aggression • Hitler rebuilds German Army • League of Nations objects • 1936 – Troops sent into Rhineland • League of Nations objects • 1938 – Hitler takes over Austria • No one does anything

36. German Aggression • 1938 – Germany tries to take over Czechoslovakia • Britain & France Object • Munich Pact • Britain and France agree to let Germany take part of Czechoslovakia (Sudetenland) in return for no further aggression • No one asked the Czechs

38. Appeasement • A policy of giving into aggression to avoid war • Neville Chamberlain (British PM) • “Peace for our time” • Did it work? • (NO.) 1939 – Hitler takes the rest of Czech

39. America’s Response • 1935: Neutrality Act • No assistance to those in war • Good Neighbor Policy • US removes troops from Latin America • Why did we engage in the Neutrality Act and the Good Neighbor Policy?

41. War Begins in Europe • Britain and France promise Poland they will come to their aid if Germany invades… • Aug. 1939: Hitler and Stalin agree to non-aggression deal (even though they’re enemies??) • Secretly agree to divide up Poland

42. War Begins in Europe • Sept. 1, 1939: Germany invades Poland • September 3, 1939: France and England declare war on Germany • Sept. 17, 1939: Russia invades Eastern Poland and later Finland • Russia also, annexed Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia

43. Germany Invades Poland

44. Germany’s March • April-May 1940: • Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Luxemburg, and Belgium Fall • France falls under attack (May 1940)

45. Fight for France • Britain sends troops to help France • British and French put on the defensive • Germans pushed them back to Dunkirk (French port on the English Channel) • Britain sends all ships to rescue soldiers • With no one in his path, Hitler marches to Paris (the capital of France)

48. June 22, 1940 France Surrenders Barely six weeks after Germany invaded

49. Battle for Britain • Britain stands alone • Winston Churchill, the (new) British Prime Minister rallies the country: “…Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end… We shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be. We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender…”

50. Winston Churchill