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The European Enlightenment

The European Enlightenment. 1650-1789. The European Enlightenment: 1650-1789. Opener – 9/22/2010: What do you think the term “ inalienable rights ” means? Where have you heard it before? Magna Carta (1295) Bill of Rights (England, 1689) Declaration of Independence (USA)

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The European Enlightenment

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  1. The European Enlightenment 1650-1789

  2. The European Enlightenment: 1650-1789 • Opener – 9/22/2010: • What do you think the term “inalienable rights” means? • Where have you heard it before? • Magna Carta (1295) • Bill of Rights (England, 1689) • Declaration of Independence (USA) • French Revolution (1789) • Universal Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations, 1948) • Consider: Why do you think people started to demand their rights and want to change their governments?

  3. Natural Rights vs. Legal Rights • Discuss with a partner: • What do you think is the difference between natural rights and legal rights? • List 2 examples of each. Natural Rights Legal Rights

  4. The Social Contract • “Inalienable rights" are rights that can not be surrendered by citizens to the sovereign. • Such rights were thought to be natural rights, independent of law. • However, many enlightenment thinkers reasoned that in the natural state only the strongest would benefit from their rights. • Therefore, people form an implicit social contract, ceding their natural rights to the authority to protect them and living under the legal rights of that authority. • (Legitimation of Authority)

  5. Locke Quotes - Homework • Man being born…with a title to perfect freedom and an uncontrolled enjoyment of all the rights and privileges of the law of Nature, equally with any other man…hath by nature a power not only to preserve his property- that is, his life, liberty, and estate, against the injuries and attempts of other men, but to judge of and punish the breaches of that law in others...– John Locke • “Government has no other end, but the preservation of property.” – John Locke • Based on the quotes above, what do you think Locke’s believes is the role of government? Why do you believe this?

  6. Enlightenment Thinkers • What type of Government is this guy talking about?? • Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679, England) • John Locke (1632-1704, England) • Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778, Switzerland) Locke Hobbes Rousseau

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