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Computing Fundamentals

Computing Fundamentals. Unit 2- Computer Hardware. Objectives. Identify system components Describe the role of the central processing unit Define computer memory Identify types of storage devices Care for storage media. Case. Box that contains components Tower case All-in-one. Monitor.

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Computing Fundamentals

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  1. Computing Fundamentals Unit 2- Computer Hardware

  2. Objectives • Identify system components • Describe the role of the central processing unit • Define computer memory • Identify types of storage devices • Care for storage media

  3. Case • Box that contains components • Tower case • All-in-one

  4. Monitor • Displays the images • LCD or LED • Very thin • CRT (old) • Very bulky

  5. What Do You Have? • Homework: • Take a picture of your computer & monitor or laptop • Paste in a PowerPoint • Bring in on your flash drive • Is it a desktop or laptop? • What kind of monitor do you have?

  6. Motherboard • Circuit board • Different sizes • Connects components • Hard drive • CPU • Memory • Has expansion ports • Bus • Data transfer to components

  7. How fast is your computer?- CPU • Processor or “Brain” • Reads/interprets instructions • Performs calculations to complete tasks • Speed= Gigahertz (GHz) • 2.2Ghz, 3GHz • 1979= 8 MHz • 1993= 200 MHz • 2013= 3 GHz

  8. How much memory ?- RAM • Active programs/data are held • Stores what you are creating • “Short-term memory” • Volatile • Disappears when off • Measured in bytes • Gigabytes (GB)/Megabytes (MB) • 4GB-8GB is standard now

  9. Memory Size • 1’s & 0’s • Use for storage size • Hard drive, RAM, CD/DVD • Bit= a 1 or a 0 • 8 bits = 1 byte (a letter or number) • KB= 1024 bytes • MB= Million bytes • GB= Billion bytes • TB= Trillion bytes

  10. What Do You Have? • Start, Control Panel, System

  11. Review

  12. How does your computer boot?- ROM • BIOS or ROM • On motherboard • Has instructions to boot your computer • Read only- no store data • Info stays when power is off (non-volatile)

  13. Boot Process • Power on the PC • ROM BIOS checked for location of OS • Usually on the hard drive • Loads OS from hard drive into RAM • OS Starts • You log in

  14. Review • What is a CPU measured in? • MHz or GHz • Which memory is volatile? • RAM • Which is the largest? • 3GB • 3MB • 3KB

  15. Review • What speed is a CPU measured in? • GHz • Which memory holds your active, running programs or what you copied? • RAM • Which type of monitor is shown? • CRT

  16. Review • Which memory goes away when power is off? • RAM • What holds the computer’s boot instructions? • BIOS ROM • What is the brains of a computer? • CPU- what does it stand for? • The CPU, RAM, and ROM are all on what component? • Motherboard

  17. Magnetic Storage Inside Case 3.5”- desktop 2.5”- laptop Storage Device- Hard Drive

  18. Store data permanently Long-term storage GB or TB 320GB 1TB External HD USB Storage Device- Hard Drive

  19. Optical uses a laser to read/write data CD or DVD-ROM= Read Only CD or DVD-R= Record Once CD or DVD-RW= Rewritable CD= 80 min./ 700MB DVD= 2 hrs./ 4.7GB BD= 4.5 hrs. of HD/ 25GB Storage Device- Optical

  20. What Do You Have? • Size Hard Drive: • Start, Computer, right-click on C: • Screenshot in Word • Type of Optical Drive: • Take a picture of front

  21. Storage- Floppy Disks 8-inch 5 ¼” 3 ½” Magnetic Storage- 3.5”=1.44MB

  22. Storage Device- SSD • No moving parts inside • SSD HD • In thin laptops • Memory Cards • SD, SDHC, microSD, CF, Memory Stick • USB Flash drive

  23. Caring for Storage Media • Keep magnetic devices away from TV’s & monitors • Have magnetic fields; may erase • Avoid extreme temps • Like in a car • Hold optical media by edges • Keep discs in sturdy case

  24. Review • T/F. Hard drives are used to temporarily store what you are creating. • False • Which removable storage would you use to copy pictures from one PC to another? • Flash Drive, Memory Card, Floppy, Ext. HD • Which optical storage would be used to store music and then later erased to store photos? • CD-RW

  25. Review • How much data can a Blu-Ray DVD hold? • 25GB • If pictures are about 3MB each, how many pictures could you put on that disc? • About 8300! • Which storage device has no moveable parts? • SSD/Flash

  26. Computing Fundamentals Unit 2- Computer Hardware

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