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Power Development Planning Governance and Climate Change The recent experiences of Thailand

The Electricity Governance Initiative: The Second Assessment in Thailand. Power Development Planning Governance and Climate Change The recent experiences of Thailand. Suphakit Nuntavorakarn Healthy Public Policy Foundation, Thailand

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Power Development Planning Governance and Climate Change The recent experiences of Thailand

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  1. The Electricity Governance Initiative:The Second Assessment in Thailand Power Development PlanningGovernanceand Climate ChangeThe recent experiences of Thailand Suphakit Nuntavorakarn Healthy Public Policy Foundation, Thailand Presenting in “Generating Dialogue” discussion, 7th December 2007 Grand Melia Hotel, Bali, Indonesia

  2. Power Development Planning in Thailand: PDP2007 by Ministry of Energy • Demand forecast for the next 15 years • Fuel options • Gas, coal, nuclear, renewables, etc. • Least-cost planning • Public hearing • Decision-making

  3. Demand forecast:Less economic growth, but higher demand forecast!

  4. Energy Options:The assumptions on fuel prices of PDP 2007 Imported coal: Increase 4% Oil&Nuclear: Same price in the next 15 year Gas: increase 3.6% in 15 year Lignite: Increase 47% Notes : (1–3) PTT31 Jan. 07 (55 USD/BBL) : ( 4)Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand : ( 5) Australian Bureau of Agri. and Res. Economics + Transportation cost 15 USD/Ton : (6) Ux Consulting Company January 2007

  5. Energy Options: Increase of the fuel cost Reference: Energy Report of Thailand, Dept. of Alt. Energy Dev. and Energy Conservation

  6. Energy Options: Costs of each option Advertisements by Ministry of Energy, Feb.-Apr. 2007

  7. Key Concerns on the nine PDP Options • But why all renewables are fixed at only 1,700 MW in all options? • Why include nuclear of 4,000 MW in all options? • What are the impacts of each option? L = Low Growth B = Base Forecast H = High Growth 1=“Least-Cost” 2=“Feasible Coal Projects” 3=“LNG + More import”

  8. The Public Hearings on PDP2007 • The Ministry of Energy arranged the Public Hearing on 19 Feb. 2007 at a hotel in Bangkok • The potentially-affected local people turned up of around 400 persons and the Minister cancel the Hearing • MoE arranged another Public Hearing on 2 April 2007 in the Thai Army Club with armed soldiers ‘for security reason’! • NGOs, academics, and the local people boycotted the Hearing

  9. No Consideration on CO2 emission in PDP2007 Reference: Energy Report of Thailand, Dept. of Alt. Energy Dev. and Energy Conservation

  10. No consideration of externalities and total cost หมายเหตุ 1. ใช้สมมติฐานว่าต้นทุนร้อยละ 12.4 ของค่าไฟฟ้ามาจากธุรกิจสายส่ง 2. ใช้สมมติฐานว่าต้นทุนร้อยละ 14.5 ของค่าไฟฟ้ามาจากธุรกิจจำหน่าย 3. ค่า CO2 ที่ 10 ยูโร/ตัน 4. ค่า Externality ตามการศึกษา Extern E ของสหภาพยุโรป และนำมาปรับลดตามค่า GDP ต่อหัวของไทย 5. การศึกษาของ World Bank 2005 6. ตามระเบียบ SPP 7. ที่มา : กฟผ. 8. Cost of liability protection, Journal “Regulation” 2002 – 2003

  11. Who gains from the existing planning process:The growth of energy companies in Thai Stock Market Reference: Thai Stock Market, Key Annual Data

  12. Who loss from the existing planning process:Energy expenses of Thai households 1990-2006 Reference: National Statistic Office

  13. Alternative Power Development Planning • The alternative PDP‘20:20 by 2020’ • Reform of the Power Development Planning to promote good governance

  14. Alternative Power Development Planand its impact assessment Source: Decharut Sukkumnoed, 2007

  15. Environmental impacts:CO2 emission Source: Decharut Sukkumnoed, 2007

  16. Health impact: Chronic mortality from air pollution Source: Decharut Sukkumnoed, 2007

  17. Economic impact: Externality costs Source: Decharut Sukkumnoed, 2007

  18. Economic impact: Total costs Source: Decharut Sukkumnoed, 2007

  19. Alternative Future of Thai Power Sector ‘20:20 by 2020’ • DSM to decrease the forecasted peak demand 20 percent within 2020 • Develop decentralized power generation to be 20 percent of total generation by 2020 and must be achieved by • Renewable energy, more than 60 percent • Community-based power generation, more than 20 percent

  20. ‘20:20 by 2020’ Possible? • DSM to reduce 6,992 MW within 2020 • The present potential 2,500 MW within 2011 • Develop decentralized power generation 6,400 MW by 2020 • The commercially-feasible Cogeneration 3,000 MW • Renewable energy 3,840 MW, the recent proposals 3,000 MW • Community-based power generation 1,280 MW(Come and hear by yourselves)

  21. Alternative Future of Thai Power Sector‘20:20 by 2020’ • Compare to PDP2007… • Save the investment of seven billion USD for 4,000 MW Nuclear Power Plants • Save the investment of 4.5 billion USD for 2,800 MW Coal Power Plants • Save the investment of 5.4 billion USD for 9,800 MW Gas Power Plants • Save the fuels import of 2.3 billion USD in 2020 • Reduce CO2 emission 50 million tons

  22. Integrated planning framework proposed to government and society

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