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Endocrine System and Heredity

Endocrine System and Heredity. Psychology/Sociology. Endocrine System. Pituitary Gland Thyroid gland Adrenal glands Ovaries (female) Testes (male). Question: How do hormones secreted by the major glands of the endocrine system affect the body?. HORMONES AND EFFECT ON THE BODY

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Endocrine System and Heredity

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  1. Endocrine System and Heredity Psychology/Sociology

  2. Endocrine System • Pituitary Gland • Thyroid gland • Adrenal glands • Ovaries (female) • Testes (male)

  3. Question: How do hormones secreted by the major glands of the endocrine system affect the body? HORMONES AND EFFECT ON THE BODY • Pituitary Gland – responsible for the secretion of many different hormones that affect various aspects of behavior such as the growth hormone • Thyroid Gland – produces thyroxin which affects the body’s metabolism • Adrenal Gland – the outer layer of the adrenal gland, or cortex, secretes cortical steroids which increase resistance to stress and promote muscle development

  4. Question: How do hormones secreted by the major glands of the endocrine system affect the body? HORMONES AND EFFECT ON THE BODY (continued) • Testes and Ovaries – produce the hormones testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone that play an important role in development, development of primary and secondary sex characteristics and have psychological as well as biological effects

  5. Endocrine system

  6. Question: What is the role of chromosomes and genes in heredity, and how do psychologists study the role of heredity in determining traits? ROLE OF CHROMOSOMES AND GENES IN HEREDITY • Genes are the basic building blocks of heredity and traits are determined by pairs of genes • Most normal human cells contain 46 hormones which develop particular traits in an individual • The 23rd pair of chromosomes determines the male or female sex

  7. Question: What is the role of chromosomes and genes in heredity, and how do psychologists study the role of heredity in determining traits? THE STUDY OF THE ROLE OF HEREDITY Role of heredity in studies through various types of kinship research such as: A. Twin Studies – a useful way to learn about nature and nurture B. Adoptee Studies – provide ways of sorting out the effects of nature and nurture C. Twins Reared Apart – a way of finding out that twins reared apart share many of the same mannerisms despite their separation

  8. Twin Study • The study of identical and fraternal twins to understand nature v nurture • Identical twins share the same genetic make up, differences between identical twins must be the result of environment • EX) One twin loves painting, while the other loves playing soccer… the result must be their environment

  9. Adoptee Study • Studying Children who have been adopted • Children who are separated from their biological parents at an early age and raised elsewhere provided interest case studies for nature v. nurture • Psychologists look for traits in the children to see if they are similar to their biological family or adoptive family

  10. Twin Reared Apart • Study wins who have been separated • Several studies have shown through these types of studies that some traits for typically hereditary • Such as; intelligence, traditionalism, risk avoidance, aggression, and leadership

  11. Questions -What does the phrase 'It's genetic!' mean?“ -Create a list of traits you think are genetically determined. -Do think that personalities are genetically determined? -List the ways you personalities are similar to the personalities of one or both of your parents. -Do you think this is a result of genetics, or environment? How could scientists test this?

  12. Assignment • Read these three articles • http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304302704579334954138196792 • http://www.npr.org/2007/10/25/15629096/identical-strangers-explore-nature-vs-nurture • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/sci_tech/2000/human_genome/760724.stm In a short response paper, explain which stance each article took, if either, and give evidence from the articles for you response. In the last paragraph explain your stance on nature vs. nurture and why you have chosen that stance. Turn paper into moodle

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