Integration of the German Offshore Wind Power Potential into the Electricity Supply System

1. Integration of the German Offshore Wind Power Potential into the Electricity Supply System B. Lange, Ü. Cali, R. Jursa, F. Schlögl, M. Wolff,K. Rohrig

2. Overview Introduction Online Monitoring and Wind Power Forecasting Future challenges Wind Farm Cluster Control Conclusion

3. Introduction Wind Energy in Germany (12/05) Onshore: 18300 MW 17400 WEA Offshore: 0 50 % of installed capacity in Europe and 30 % world wide

4. Introduction yesterday: conventional generation = load • Typical load profile in Germany 1.-7. May

5. Introduction today: conventional generation = load – wind generation • Load profile & wind generation today

6. Online Monitoring and Wind Power Forecasting • Representative wind farms (sub-stations) E.ON: 59 sites 1912 MW VE-T: 17 sites 499 MW RWE: 16 sites 446 MW • Online calculation of wind generation • Numerical weather prediction (DWD) • Short- and medium-term forecast with help of artificial neural networks • Wind Power Management System • WPMS

7. Online monitoring and Wind Power Forecasting • Wind Power Management System (WPMS) • In operation at: E.ON Netz, Vattenfall Europe Transmission, RWE Transportnetz Strom, • Currently implemented at: EnBW Transportnetze • Basis for horizontal exchange of wind power (EEG §14)

8. I/Ro 1/2002

9. Online Monitoring and Wind Power Forecasting Development of forecasting error of the WPMS for one TSO Introduction of operational forecasting decreased the need for balancing power Improvement in forecasting similar to capacity increase

10. Future Challenges Further growth & planned / approved offshore projects Planned offshore wind farms (2020): North Sea (AWZ) 18.600 MW Baltic Sea (AWZ) 1.700 MW

11. Future Challenges tomorrow: konv. generation = load – wind generation = 0 !! • Load profile & wind generation 2015

12. Future Challenges • Requires innovative management strategies for wind turbines, wind farms and wind farm clusters Key issues for future grid integration in Germany • balancing • transport and congestion management • grid management • grid security • frequency control

13. Wind Farm Cluster Control Wind Farm Cluster Control Aggregation of on- and offshore wind farms • allows innovative control strategies • Enables TSOs to control a large number of turbines • Allows control of wind farms with different capabilities

14. Wind Farm Cluster Control

15. Wind Farm Cluster Control

16. Wind Farm Cluster Control • Innovative grid management strategies • limitation of power output • reactive power supply and voltage control • provision of balancing power • generation according to schedule • limitation of power output gradients

17. Wind Farm Cluster Control Index Limitation of power output gradients

18. Wind Farm Cluster Control • Reserve power supply (500 MW)

19. Wind Farm Cluster Control guaranteed power supply • Guaranteed power supply

20. Conclusion • Today the main task for wind power integration is power balancing • Solution: • Online monitoring and exchange • Wind power forecasting • Higher penetration leads to new challanges • Transport • Grid management and security • Wind power needs capabilities similar to conventional power plants • => Wind Farm Cluster Control