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Ohio Department of Transportation

Ohio Department of Transportation. Statewide Investigation of Noise Abatement Alternatives. Overview. Noise in the Spotlight: History of ODOT Abatement Measures ODOT Noise Abatement Alternatives Study Mitigation Techniques : From Noise Source Along Noise Path

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Ohio Department of Transportation

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  1. Ohio Department of Transportation Statewide Investigation of Noise Abatement Alternatives

  2. Overview • Noise in the Spotlight: History of ODOT Abatement Measures • ODOT Noise Abatement Alternatives Study • Mitigation Techniques : • From Noise Source • Along Noise Path • At Noise Receivers • Through Planning Initiatives • Summary of Noise Mitigation Options • Conclusion

  3. Background • Mandated in Amended Substitute House Bill Number 66, Section 203.03.18 • Amendment offered by legislator from district adjacent to Ohio Turnpike – Interstate 80 • Ohio Turnpike Commission paid damages to original landowners to compensate for noise and added deed restriction

  4. Background • Later residential development resulted in noise impacts with no remedy - No Type I projects - Not eligible for Type II • Local business interest proposed noise cancellation technology

  5. Limitations • Ohio Revised Code (ORC) prohibits purchase of buffer zones • ORC requires consideration of “natural barriers” for all projects • Any new alternatives must satisfy FHWA and ODOT policies

  6. ODOT Noise Abatement Study: Investigation into Noise Abatement Alternatives

  7. ODOT Noise Abatement Study • Ohio Legislature established a requirement in 2006 “to perform a study of alternative soundproofing methods that could be used as an alternative to traditional sound barriers”. Source: Amended Substitute House Bill Number 66, Section 203.03.18 • The study investigates all potentially feasible and reasonable noise abatement alternatives available for use in the State of Ohio.

  8. Mitigation strategies and Techniques • From Noise Source • Along Noise Path • At Noise Receiver • Through Planning Initiatives

  9. Noise Source • Considered to represent an existing and/or planned highway corridor. • Noise emissions grouped into 3 categories: 1.Vehicles 2.Vehicle Operational Characteristics 3.Roadway Engineering Considerations

  10. Noise Source1.Vehicles • Engine/Power Train/Mechanical Noise • Exhaust Noise • Tire Noise • Engine Brake Noise

  11. Noise Source2.Vehicle Operational Characteristics • Speed Consideration • Reductions in Vehicle Volume • Modifications to Vehicle Composition and Reduced Truck Volumes • Other Traffic Calming Measures • Driver Behavior

  12. Noise Source Vehicle Operational Characteristics

  13. Noise Source Vehicle Operational Characteristics

  14. Noise Source3.Engineering Considerations • Alteration of Vertical/Horizontal Alignments • Reduced Grades • Tunnels • Pavement Considerations

  15. Noise SourceEngineering Considerations Alteration of Vertical/Horizontal Alignments

  16. Noise SourceEngineering Considerations Tunnels

  17. Noise SourceEngineering Considerations Pavement Considerations Quiet Pavement Pilot Program (QPPP) and Other Quiet Pavement Research -FHWA Requires participation in QPPP or research program to use alternate pavement as a form of noise mitigation

  18. Mitigation strategies and Techniques • From Noise Source • Along Noise Path • At Noise Receiver • Through Planning Initiatives

  19. Noise Path • Atmospheric Conditions • Geometric Spreading • Noise Barriers • Earth Berms • Buildings and Other Man-Made Objects • Vegetative Screening • Active Noise Cancellation

  20. Noise Barrier Attenuation Barrier Height Considerations

  21. Barrier Length and Flanking Noise Considerations

  22. Horizontal Placement of Barriers

  23. Absorptive Barrier Considerations

  24. Noise PathNoise Barriers • ODOT Standard Design/Criteria - Height – 8 to 20 ft., also addresses aesthetics. - Address concerns of local officials and the public. • Potential Benefits -ODOT minimum requirement is 5 dBA (feasible). • Anticipated Costs - Type 1 - $17.50/sq. foot Type 2- $20.00/sq. foot - $280-$320/ linear foot, assuming 16 foot height. • Land Acquisition for Construction of Noise Barriers - Establish easementson land beyond right-of-way.

  25. Land Acquisition for Construction of Barrier

  26. Earth Berms

  27. Noise PathBuildings and Other Man Made Objects • Buildings and other man-made objects • - Can shield noise from adjacent land uses. • - Reduction of 3 dBA for first row of homes and an • additional 1.5 dBA reduction for each additional row. • *Beyond the control of ODOT.

  28. Noise PathVegetative Screening Vegetative Screening - 100 foot corridor that obstructs the line-of-sitecan reduce noise 5 dBA, with 200 feet up to 10 dBA. *ODOT does include vegetative screening in its policy, but limits spending to $125/linear foot. *ODOT will consider vegetation for aesthetic reasons.

  29. Noise PathActive Noise Cancellation • Active Noise Cancellation • - Theory – Introduce identical sound wave exactly out of phase with the original wave. • - Multiple sources of noise in a 3-D application are • very difficult to monitor and replicate (out of phase). • - Not proven in real-world scenarios.

  30. Active Noise Cancellation

  31. Mitigation strategies and Techniques • From Noise Source • Along Noise Path • At Noise Receiver • Through Planning Initiatives

  32. Noise Receivers • Sound Insulation • Noise Masking

  33. Noise Receivers • Sound Insulation Examples: - Double pane windows - Central air conditioning - Solid-core doors Ohio Specific -Limited to special land uses (i.e. nonprofit Org.) -ODOT Noise Insulation Inspection Checklist -Have participated in past sound insulation projects ranging in cost from $11,000 to $65,000.

  34. Noise Receivers • Noise Masking Examples: - Water features -Music (“White Noise”) Site Specific - Limited effectiveness in very loud areas. -Reduce the “annoyance” of noise, rather than the volume of noise. -Available in exterior and interior situations.

  35. Mitigation strategies and Techniques • From Noise Source • Along Noise Path • At Noise Receiver • Through Planning Initiatives

  36. Planning Initiatives • Develop planning, zoning or other legal means (i.e. subdivision or development standards, building codes, health codes, or occupancy permits); • Municipal controls include land or easement purchases or the acceptance of land donations; • Community education programs to inform citizens, developers, and local planners of the option for structures and land uses that will be harmonious next to a highway; • Acoustical site planning, architectural design or acoustical construction.

  37. Planning Initiatives • Noise Compatible Land Use Planning a.Small Scale Noise Mitigation Strategies -Controlled by local municipality. - Proactive approach to planning. Examples: - Zoning for commercial/industrial land uses to be placed adjacent to highway corridors. - Buffer zones between highway corridors and noise-sensitive areas.

  38. Planning Initiatives b.Large Scale Noise Mitigation Strategies -Controlled and implemented at the local level with guidance and direction from states. - State and federal government offer assistance Examples: - Purchase of Development Rights (PDR) - Transfers of Development Rights (TDR) - Proponent Mitigated Development (PMD)

  39. Planning Initiatives • Roadway Noise Mitigation Programs - “Highly-Sensitive” vs. “Less-Sensitive” land uses. *Categorize individual land uses in zoning code -Perform inventory of existing and future noise levels. - Purpose: to limit development of “Highly-Sensitive” land uses in defined noise impact zones. * State DOT Responsibility

  40. Planning Initiatives • ODOT Initiatives - Has initiated noise compatible land use planning. - Working with the Miami Valley Regional Planning Commission (MVRPC) on a “four-phase” approach to promote these strategies. - Ex: I-675 corridor in Greene County, OH * Future development can be modified based on developed existing and future noise contours.

  41. Planning Initiatives • Acquisition of Land to Serve as a Buffer to Preempt Development - Federal funds can be used to acquire buffer zones adjacent to highway corridors. -Begins at the highway planning phase. -Improve aesthetics and roadway appearance. -Very costly mitigation option, but very effective. *Ohio Revised Code, § 5501.32limits ODOT’s ability to purchase lands and indicates the property may be purchased strictly for “highway purposes”.

  42. Summary of Noise Mitigation Options • Mitigation Technique • General Effectiveness • Monetary Costs • Conditions Where Feasible • Within the Control of the Department

  43. Conclusions • Wide range of alternatives • Some may not satisfy reasonable/feasible requirements - Cost - Permanence - Level of Commitment • Most useful methods - Noise Compatible Land Use Planning - Noise Barriers

  44. Questions and Answers

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