ALCOHOL

1. ALCOHOL Unit # 3 Miss Martini

2. Alcohol Today • Nation’s #1 Drug Problem ( depressant) • 100+ million adults (60-70% of total population use) • Used more than any other drug • 10+ million adult alcoholics • 3+ million teenage alcoholics/ problem drinkers

3. Alcohol Today • ½ of all crime • 75% of violent crimes • Alcohol is negatively linked with violence, rape, suicide, breaking the law, academic apathy, accidental death, injuries, irresponsible decisions, STI/ STDs, job loss, divorce, and serious illness. • Alcohol related diseases lead to 12,000 deaths/ year • #1 Cirrhosis (linked with long term excessive alcohol use)

4. Motor Vehicle Deaths • 1982 • 25,000 (57% of deaths) • 1993 • 17,400 (44%) • 2000 • 16,068 (38%) • 2002 • 17,419 (41%) • 2003 • 17,401 (40%)

5. Classes of Drinkers (3 classes) • Social • Moderate, safe amounts consumed by adult (21 yrs or older) • Ex/ occasionally has a beer with dinner • Problem • Self or others at risk • Person starts to build up a tolerance, may experience blackouts • Ex/ drinks until they vomit, drives when drinking, doesn’t remember what happened the night they consumed alcohol • Alcoholic • dependent

6. Responsible (over 21) Alcohol Use • Know limit * MODERATION* • Space out drinks • Small glasses • Dilute mix drinks • Eat while consuming • Don’t drink and drive • Don’t drink and use medication • Don’t drink if pregnant or not sure • Baby’s of mothers who drink may be born with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) • Delayed physical and mental growth

7. 1 Drink (1/2 oz of pure ethanol) (active drug in wine, beer, liquor is ethyl or ethanol alcohol) • One 12 oz can of beer (4.5% alcohol) • 1 ¼ oz of 80 proof hard liquor (distilled ex/ whiskey, gin, brandy) (40% alcohol) • Proof: amount of alcohol in a beverage as measured by %, double the % of alcohol • Ex/ Beverage with 20% alcohol is 40 proof • 1 oz of 100 proof liquor • 3-5 oz of wine (12-14% alcohol) • 1 wine cooler (1.5-6 % alcohol) • 1 mixed drink (see above)

8. Alcohol & the Body • About 20% of alcohol consumed is absorbed into bloodstream through stomach walls. • The majority is absorbed through intestine walls. • The remaining alcohol is excreted through urine, perspiration, or breath.

9. How Alcohol Affects the Body (impair judgment, loosen inhibitions, dull reflexes) • Nervous system • Brain • Blackouts (a period in which a person cannot remember what has happened following alcohol use) (start to see with problem drinkers) • Seizures • Dementia (decline in all areas of mental functioning) • Digestive system • Developing cancers of mouth, esophagus, & stomach • Ulcers • Liver disease (cirrhosis- liver begins to fill with fat) • Immune system • Increased risk of developing illnesses • Respiration infections • Tuberculosis • Certain cancers

10. Affects on Body • Cardiovascular system • Damages organs • Increased risk for cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, & stroke • Skeletal system • Body loses calcium • Osteoporosis • Urinary system • Can cause kidney failure • Reproductive system • Female: cause irregular periods • Male: affects size of testes and muscle development

11. Alcohol Affects Every Cell in the Body • Most alcohol is changed to harmless waste by the liver • Liver can only process about 1 drink/ hour • If drink more then this the excess alcohol build up in the body • Alcohol goes to body tissue before excretion • Effects of alcohol intensify • Concentration of alcohol in blood increases

12. Hangover- a result of the chemicals used to make alcohol. • The only true treatment for a hangover is TIME, not coffee, cold shower, etc. • One of the worst things you can do for a person is give them another alcoholic beverage.

13. Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) • Higher the BAC, the greater the effects of alcohol on the body. • If the amount of alcohol (a toxin) is too large, stomach will reject it • Vomiting • Too much of a toxin (alcohol) can be poisonous. • Binge drinking • Consumption of large amount of alcohol in short amount of time • Linked with rape, unprotected sex, death, fights, poor decisions, alcohol poisoning • Alcohol poisoning signs • Unconscious, can’t be woken, vomiting while passed out, breathing slow, pale/ cold/ clammy skin • Call 911 immediantly

14. Amount consumed Body weight Feelings Amount of food eaten Carbonation of beverage Speed consumed % of body fat Gender Presence of other drugs in blood Age Factors that affect BAC (see text pg 412)

17. What Happens as BAC Increases • See text page 413 • wksht

18. Alcohol Laws BAC ( % of alcohol in blood)- only factor which legally determines level of intoxication • Liquor Control Board • Controls all sales of alcoholic beverages in PA • Underage Drinking • Zero-tolerance law • Lowers the legal BAC level for intoxicated drivers under 21 yrs of age • Driving Under the Influence (DUI) • Breathalyzer test: accurate and common way police check BAC • Under 21 yrs = 0.02 • Over 21 yrs = 0.08 * Reason for these laws is to protect the health, lives, and property of the public

21. Laws • Parents can not buy alcohol for their children even if it is their own home. • Parents can be held accountable & face fines for serving minors on their property. • A person under 21 yrs. Can be arrested/ fined for underage drinking in PA if they are: • Consuming • Transporting • Possessing alcohol

23. Law Activity • Newspaper headline: Local Teen Arrested for Drunk-Driving Incident • What possible events led to the teens arrest? • Who was with the teen before this incident? • How did the teen get the alcohol? • What was this incident they were arrested for?

24. Use Alcohol Laws packet 1. List laws teen may have violated 2. What behaviors may have led to teen being arrested?

25. Use refusal skills worksheet 1. Create a safer ending to this situation using refusal skills so that this incident does not occur. a. Give reason for refusal b. Show your concern c. Provide alternatives d. Use body language to reinforce what you say e. Take a definite action

27. Alcoholism (see text pg 419) • Disease in which there is physical and psychological dependence on alcohol. Early stage- social drinker becomes a problem drinker Late stage- problem drinker becomes alcoholic • Difficulty controlling behavior • Denial • Withdrawal • Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome • Is the reaction of the body to sudden stopping of drinking • Delirium Tremens • Is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in which there are hallucinations and muscle convulsions • Affects on others

28. Getting Help Interventions are held to help make the alcoholic aware of the problem (see wksht) • Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) • Recovery program for people who have alcoholism • Al-Anon • Recovery program for people who have friends or family members with alcoholism • Ex/ help spouse of an alcoholic, family member or friend • Al-Ateen • Recovery program for teens who have a family member or friend with alcoholism

29. Intervention Steps • Stop enabling behaviors • Talk to your friend • Ask another friend to help • Follow through • Seek adult or professional help

30. SWAT

31. What drug classification is Alcohol? Stimulant Depressant Hallucinogen Narcotic

32. Someone who drinks moderately Alcoholic Problem Social Dead

33. Recovery program for teens of an alcoholic family AA Al-anon AAA Ala-teen

34. Possible result of a pregnant women using alcohol TAS FAS SIDS DUH

35. One factor that affects BAC Gender Shower Sleep Caffeine

36. This class of drinker starts to experience blackouts Social Problem Alcoholic Sober

37. Example of one drink 1 oz of beer 2 oz 100 proof 3-5 oz wine 2 mixed drinks

38. BAC limit for 21 or older .06 .02 .08 .1

39. Common way police check BAC Breathalyzer Urine Saliva Ear wax

40. Person most likely found at Ala-non meeting Alcoholic Wife of alcoholic Co-worker of alcoholic dog

41. Only thing that legally determines intoxication Color of skin BAC Ability to drive Ability to walk

42. Most important thing to do in case of alcohol poisoning Lay on side call 911 Put to sleep eat bread

43. Person under 21 has legal intoxication level beginning at .04 .08 .02 .01

44. Severe form of alcohol withdrawal Alcoholic Delirium tremens Scratching cold

45. Organization that controls sales of alcohol in PA PCP LCP LCB OCB

46. Over the legal limit and driving, could be arrested for Under age drinking DUI Zero tolerance DWU

47. Active ingredient in alcohol Flour yeast Ethanol gasoline

48. Period of time forgotten the day following alcohol abuse Pass out Sleep DUI Blackout

49. First step of an intervention Follow through Talk to your friend Stop enabling Seek adult/ professional

50. Drinking a lot in a small amount of time Overdose binge drinking Blackout pass out