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The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution. CAUSES: Why Britain? Why then ?. Natural resources. Labour. Transport. Industrial Revolution. Colonialism. Proto-Industry. Legal – Financial – conditions Political –. Inventions. Population Growth. 1700s: Population increased steadily

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The Industrial Revolution

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  1. The Industrial Revolution CAUSES:Why Britain? Whythen?

  2. Naturalresources Labour Transport Industrial Revolution Colonialism Proto-Industry Legal – Financial – conditions Political – Inventions

  3. Population Growth • 1700s: Population increasedsteadily • 1800s: Doublingof population every 50 years • Larger number of labour available for industries • Bigger market for consumer goods

  4. 2. Agricultural revolution • Enclosure • Invention of seed drill (JethroTull) • Crop rotation system This led to: • More efficient food production • Cheaper food • More disposable income • Less workers needed in rural areas  Urbanisation

  5. Jethro Tull’sSeed drill

  6. 3. Natural conditions • Plenty of coal and iron available • Natural waterways

  7. 4. Transportation • Large navy • Canals • Railroads

  8. 5. Colonialism • Expansion of trading and economy in general • Empire expands  Access to more natural resources

  9. 6. Legal conditions • No internal tariffs • Patent laws encourage invention

  10. 7. Financial conditions • Effective central bank (1694) • Well-developed credit markets • Plenty of capital

  11. 8. Political conditions • Constitutional monarchy • Relative stability • Economic growth

  12. 9. Proto-industry • Cottage system in textile industry • Division of labour

  13. 10. Major technological advances • ”KnowHow”: inventions and ideas • Spinning Jenny (James Hargreaves) • Steamengine (James Watt) • Steel-making (Henry Bessemer)

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