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Greek Philosophers and Historians: Pioneers of Thought and Record

Explore the origins of philosophy in ancient Greece, from Pythagoras to Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Learn about the Socratic Method, different forms of government according to Aristotle, and the evolution of historical recording by Herodotus and Thucydides.

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Greek Philosophers and Historians: Pioneers of Thought and Record

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  1. Greek Civilizations 5.2

  2. Greek Philosophers

  3. What does the word philosophy mean? • “love and wisdom”

  4. What 4 subjects did philosophy lead to? • History • Political Science • Science • Mathematics

  5. What were the people called that studied philosophy? • Philosophers

  6. Who was a philosopher and a teacher? • Pythagoras

  7. What did Pythagoras teach his students? • He taught his students that the universe followed the same laws that governed music and numbers.

  8. Who were the Sophists? • They were the first professional teachers in ancient Greece.

  9. What did sophists not believe in that the other Greeks believed? • They did not believe that gods and goddesses influenced people.

  10. Who was Socrates? • An Athenian sculptor whose true love was philosophy.

  11. What is the Socratic Method? • A method of teaching where he asked pointed questions to force his students to see things for themselves

  12. How did Socrates die? • He was sentenced by a jury to death and died by drinking poision.

  13. Who was Plato? • He was one of Socrates’ students who wrote about government.

  14. What is the famous work that Plato produced? • The Republic

  15. Who was Aristotle? • The best student in Platos’ school

  16. How many different books did he write ranging from governement to the planets and stars? • More than 200 books

  17. In Aristotle’s book, Politics, what were the three types of governments that he wrote about? • Government by one person, such as a monarch • Government by a few people, such as an oligarchy • Government by many people, as in a democracy

  18. Which government did Aristotle think was the best government? • He thought that a mixture of rich and poor government was the best.

  19. Greek Historians

  20. Before people wrote down history, how was it explained? • Legends and myths explained their past.

  21. Who was Herodotus? • He wrote the history of the Persian Wars.

  22. What do western historians call Herodotus? • “father of history”

  23. Thucydides is considered what to most historians? • He is considered the greatest historian

  24. What did Thcydides write about? • He wrote the book History of the Peloponnesian War after fighting in it.

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