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Some perspectives on development

Some perspectives on development. Common Characteristics Politics and Leadership. Leadership, Governance, and Effective Government Political leadership and effective, pragmatic and when needed activist government A focus on inclusive growth: combined with persistence and determination

quinlan-kennedy
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Some perspectives on development

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  1. Some perspectives on development

  2. Common CharacteristicsPolitics and Leadership • Leadership, Governance, and Effective Government • Political leadership and effective, pragmatic and when needed activist government • A focus on inclusive growth: combined with persistence and determination • Willingness to experiment, act in face of uncertainty about policy impacts, and avoid paralysis • Government that acts in the interests of all the citizens of the country – as opposed to itself or subgroups

  3. Where do we come from in development cooperation • Start 1949: technical assistance through UNDP in Indonesia

  4. Where are we now? • Full fledged programme with: • Transfers of cash • Technical advice • NGO funding • Profit sector engagement • Multilateral financing • Knowledge build up • Debt relief • ….

  5. How did we proceed? • Thinking in development cooperation shifted, based on experience To be distinghuished: • Role of donor • Role of partner • Paradigm

  6. The real start: 1960’s • Poor countries lacked financial, physical and human resources to catch up with developed countries. • The gap analysis was the driving force for action • A strong geographical feature in development thinking

  7. After the start • As from 1970 we can distinguish between different phases: • Basic needs: micro perspective strong • Structural adjustment: macro perspective strong • Human development: service delivery strong • Governance: ownership strong • Integrative approaches: security strong • Throughout: trade/aid balance shifting

  8. 4 typical programmes (1) • 1970’s : countervailing power • Characteristic: the expert Features: • Gap thinking • Purpose to build uip countervailing power • Technical advise • Modesty by donor

  9. 4 typical programmes (2) • 1980’s: counterparts • Characteristic: social mobiliser Features: • From gap to cooperation and exchange • Donorship • Island approaches • Focus shifted to constraints

  10. 4 typical programmes (3) • 1990’s: ownership • Characteristic: the advisor Features: • Connectivity: linking micro, sector, macro • Sectorwide approaches • Governance focus

  11. 4 typical programmes (4) • 2000: holistic, integrated approaches • Characteristic: security-development nexus Features: • Defense, diplomacy, development • Accountability • Partnership • multitakeholder

  12. Paradigm shifts (1) • Gap thinking • investments • Capacity building • technical assistance • Social mobilisation • from power to governance • Resolving constraints • technocratic solutions

  13. Paradigm shifts (2) • Donorship-ownership-partnership -conditionality • Multistakeholder approaches – ngo’s and private sector • Delivery modus to knowledge modus • Scaling up

  14. Policy shifts (1) • Poverty at the core • shifting ideas what poverty is :issue-itis • DAC model of poverty with 5 dimensions • Governance at the core • Public sector reform • Public finance management • Right based approaches

  15. Policy shifts (2) • From economic growth to service delivery and back again • From governance to accountability • From eonomic stability to governance stability • From delivery to cooperation • From development to aid and back again

  16. Shifting approaches (1) • Broadening • DAC poverty model • Aid + coherence isues + knowledge • Multiple stakeholders in donor and partner countries • Channels for aid delivery: bilateral, multilateral, civilateral and comercial

  17. Shifting approaches (2) • From solidarity to investment • Bussineslike approaches: contracts • Conditionality: from throughput conditions to results conditions • Policy space: a new agenda of building trust • From technics to politics

  18. Shifting approaches (3) • From partner focus to donor focus • From projects to programmes: process orientation • Paris agenda and Accra: results and evidence • Donor coordination: reducing costs only? • Trust in donor institutions diminishing • New grounds for multilateralism?

  19. Some conclusions (1) • Development is back into public debate • Development is as much about ‘ them’ as about ‘ us’ . • Shifting ideas, paradigms and approaches are a sign of learning, not of experimentation • Development is a global interest

  20. Some conclusions (2) • How to organise poverty reduction as a global public good? • Global public goods are affected by all public policies • Coherence, knowledge and aid are intrinsinkly linked • How to shift development thinking to the core of public policy making

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