Presentation Transcript

1. Cold War1960s
2. Cold War 1960s Bay of Pigs What was the reason for the Bay of Pigs? Answer: SUGAR
3. Cold War 1960s LatinAmericanstudies.org Batista in 1933 Fulgencio Batista (Jan 16, 1901-August 7, 1973) President of Cuba from February 24, 1955 until January 1, 1959. Murdered over 20,000 workers and peasants. January 1, 1959—Ernesto Che Guevara takes Havana; Castro takes Santiago de Cuba with 5,000 soldiers in a bloodless Coup d’etat.
4. Cold War 1960s Latinamericanstudies.org with Afro-Cuban bodyguards, Camp Columbia, November 1933
5. Cold War 1960s Castro Taking Power in 1959. NPR.org HultonArchives/Getty Images Castro’s Take-Over Nationalizes the telephone company The U.S. forcefully leases Guantanamo Bay for $2,000 a month, Cuba never cashes the checks. February 2, 1959—1st assassination attempt on Castro by Allen Mayer Agrarian Reform Law—May 17, 1959 200,000 Cuban families own land for the first time. Cuban government buys foreign lands and prevents foreign ownership. U.S. companies not happy with this especially United Fruit.
6. Cold War 1960s Bay of Pigs June 1959—U.S. government reduces its sugar quota from Cuba July 1959—CIA puts a contract on Castro’s life. The United Fruit Company attained 270, 000 acres of land in Cuba. Castro expropriates 70,000 acres of land held by U.S. sugar companies, 35,000 acres of which is held by United Fruit. So, why is this important?
7. Cold War 1960s Bay of Pigs John Foster Dulles: U.S. Secretary of State He is a stock holder and legal advisor for United Fruit. He refuses to negotiate peace. Jan. 3, 1954
8. Cold War 1960s CIA.gov Bay of Pigs U.S. Position on Cuba March 17, 1960—President Eisenhower approves of a covert plan to overthrow Cuba by CIA Director Allen Dulles (once president of United Fruit). More information on Allen Dulles here https://www.cia.gov/news-information/featured-story-archive/allen-dulles-becomes-dci.html
9. Cold War 1960s Planning for Bay of Pigs—(Operation Zapata) U.S. and Cuban troops are being trained in Guatemala. Why? U.S. overthrew this government in 1954 considering they wanted to nationalize land owned by United Fruit.
10. Cold War 1960s Bay of Pigs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8qXZp8bxpNY
11. Cold War 1960s Bay Of Pigs—Timeline Mid 1960—Cuba becomes friendly with U.S.S.R. and China and they begin to buy Cuban sugar; the U.S. cuts off all sugar imports from Cuba. May 7, 1960—Cuba starts diplomatic relations with U.S.S.R. July 13, 1960—U.S. suspends trading sugar with Cuba, cutting 80% of Cuban exports. Cuba nationalizes all U.S. businesses and commercial property. July 1960—China and U.S.S.R. buy Cuban sugar.
12. Cold War 1960s Bay Of Pigs—Timeline January 2, 1961—U.S. breaks off all diplomatic relations with Cuba. January 20, 1961—President Kennedy inaugurated. April 12, 1961—Yuri Gagarin, the first human being in space. What does the Space Race have to do with the Bay of Pigs?
13. Cold War 1960s Bay Of Pigs and the Space Race http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/sts1/gagarin_anniversary.html NASA.gov
14. Cold War 1960s Bay Of Pigs and the Space Race Yuri Gagarin http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRTyg7uRV4Q Yuri Gagarin: 108 Minutes that changed the World http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=umY92y25DrA
15. Cold War 1960s Bay Of Pigs and the Space Race The Decision To Go To The Moon http://history.nasa.gov/moondec.html
16. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall Newsuem.org/Berlin Wall http://www.newseum.org/berlinwall/
17. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall—Operation Wall of China November 27, 1958—Nikita Khrushchev issued an ultimatum to the three western powers giving them six months to turn West Berlin into a “demilitarized free city”
18. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall—Operation Wall of China Erich Honecker Ionainstitute.ie
19. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall—Operation Wall of China Walter Ulbricht Marxist.org
20. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall http://www.dailysoft.com/berlinwall/
21. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall Berlin, 1961. The sign is situated in West-Berlin near the wall and shows to East- Berlin.
22. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall Berlin, 1961. Berlin Wall at Zimmerstrasse/MarkgrafenstrasseWest Berliners watching over the Wall to the East
23. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall Berlin, BernauerStrasse, closed Church of Reconciliation View from West to East Berlin, 60s
24. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall Berlin, BernauerStrasse. The house is situated in the East, the pedestrian in the West. The windows were walled up to prevent people from escaping to West Berlin.
25. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall Peter Fechter Memorial In August 1962, Fechter bled to death at the base of the wall in the "death zone". Guards had shot him in the back as he tried to escape. Bystanders in the West tried to rescue him, but were prevented from it at gunpoint. Berlin, April 1963 G
26. Cold War 1960s Berlin Wall Berlin, BernauerStrasse. The house was in the East, the pedestrian in the West, Olga Segler jumped out of the window and died.
27. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis October 16—October 29, 1962
28. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline October 16—October 29, 1962 The Soviets were installing medium-range nuclear weapons in Cuba capable of striking major U.S. cities and killing millions of Americans
29. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline Sunday, October 14, 1962 A U-2 spy plane flew over Cuba, photos were taken of nuclear weapons.
30. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline Tuesday, October 16, 1962 Executive Committee of the National Security Council Ex.Comm What should be done? What will you do as group?
31. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Civil Defense Museum http://www.civildefensemuseum.com/cdmuseum3/audio.html
32. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis The National security Archive George Washington University http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nsa/cuba_mis_cri/photos.htm
33. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Camp Missile Sites JFKLibrary.org
34. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis October 5, 1962: CIA chart of “reconnaissance objectives in Cuba.”
35. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Inside the CIA’s National Photographic Interpretation Center (NPIC), Washington D.C., 1962.
36. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis September 15, 1962: photograph of the Soviet large-hatch ship Poltava on its way to Cuba. g
37. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis “Crateology” – photograph of crates holding Komar guided-missile patrol boats on their way to Cuba, September 1962
38. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis October 24, 1962: Low-level photograph of the Poltava, turning back towards Moscow, carrying IRBM missiles (circled are the IRBM launch rings on trucks).
39. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis October 14, 1962: U-2 photograph of a truck convoy approaching a deployment of Soviet MRBMs near Los Palacios at San Cristobal. This photograph was the first one identified by NPIC on 15 October as showing Soviet medium-range ballistic missiles in Cuba. g g
40. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis October 14, 1962: U-2 photograph of MRBM site two nautical miles away from the Los Palacios deployment – the second set of MRBMs found in Cuba. This site was subsequently named San Cristobal no. 1 (the photo is labeled 15 October for the day it was analyzed and printed). g
41. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis
42. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Close-up of the Soviet nuclear warhead processing base at the Mariel runway, onto which the 101st Airborne was scheduled to parachute if a U.S. invasion took place. G
43. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis ExComm options Do Nothing B) Offer to remove U.S. missiles in Turkey if Soviets remove missiles in Cuba C) Send secret envoys to negotiate with Castro D) Blockade Cuba E) Strike by air F) Invade Cuba
44. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline Thursday, October 18, 1962 Kennedy meets with the Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko, he stressed the Soviet’s weapons were “by no means offensive”
45. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis October 18, 1962: White House photograph of President Kennedy meeting with Soviet foreign minister Andrei Gromyko and Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin – in which JFK does not reveal he knows about the missiles, and Gromyko asserts that Soviet military assistance is purely defensive. g g
46. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline Monday, October 22, 1962 Kennedy addresses the nation on the blockade or as he referred to it as a “quarantine” Why quarantine and not blockade?
47. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline Monday, October 22, 1962 President Kennedy’s Monday Night Speech http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOnY6b-qy_8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P7YkJxQT_0Y NPR.org Getty Images
48. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline Friday, October 26, 1962 Kennedy received a letter from Khruschev, a clarification through a Soviet embassy official. The Soviets would remove the missiles under United Nations supervision and inspection and the U.S. would lift the blockade and pledge not to invade Cuba.
49. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline Saturday, October 27, 1962 Two more messages from Khrushchev. The U.S.S.R. would remove the missile in exchange for Kennedy’s pledge not to invade Cuba and the removal be contingent upon the removal of U.S. missiles placed in Turkey.
50. Cold War 1960s Cuban Missile Crisis Timeline Sunday, October 28, 1962 Soviets agree to remove missiles from Cuba.
51. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat President Ngo Dinh Diem --In power since 1954 --Banned political parties other than his own and refused legal opposition --Autocratic, nepotistic ruler --Valued power more than either his relations with the Vietnamese people or progress in fighting communist Countrystudies.us
52. Cold War 1960s Vietnam.mapcla.calpoly.edu Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat
53. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat President Dwight D. Eisenhower welcomes President Ngo Dinh Diem to the United States in May 1957. During his visit Diem addressed a joint session of Congress and got a ticker tape parade in New York City. Eisenhower called Diem the "miracle man of Asia." Gwu.edu
54. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat Political Uprising November 1960 survived a military coup February 1962, disgruntled air force pilots bombed the Presidential palace. CIA Assessment Spring 1963—Their view was swayed by the military and produced an intelligence estimate that downplayed his political weakness Countrystudies.us
55. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat Buddha’s 2527th Birthday May 8, 1963—On orders of Ngo Dinh’s brother troops fired into a crowd of Buddhists. They were flying flags other than South Vietnam’s state flags. Ngo DinhNhu, Diem’s brother, counselor has a negative view of Buddhist troubles. Diem’s other brother had flown flags celebrating his promotion within the church. Countrystudies.us
56. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat Public Immolation June 11, 1963—ThichDucNghiep at the XaLoi Pagoda http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QEpqRZw_1sk Countrystudies.us
57. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat Malcolm Browne Associated Press
58. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat Malcolm Browne Associated Press photo Tuoitre.vn
59. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat Malcolm Browne Associated Press photo Tuoitre.vn Boocameonline.com
60. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat Martial Law 1963 August 21, 1963—Ngo DinhNhu uses martial law to carry out major raids on the largest pagodas of the Buddhist groups behind the protests. The South Vietnamese leaders used resources funded by the U.S. through the CIA to carry out the raids. The South Vietnamese approached the U.S. about the raids and the U.S. didn’t know about it. Countrystudies.us
61. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara Gwu.edu
62. Cold War 1960s Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem Coup D’etat November 1, 1963 Coup in Vietnam November 2, 1963 Ngo Dinh Diem assassinated November 22, 1963 President Kennedy assassinated http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpicOfFajNE
63. Cold War 1960s Vietnam War Cold War Phase Eisenhower Kennedy Johnson Domino Theory (Eisenhower) Tet—Vietnamese New Year 1968 Nixon 1969, 1973, 1975
64. Cold War 1960s Vietnam War Cold War Phase Saigon Evacuation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3AiyFF9qOls Fall of Saigon 1975 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IdR2Iktffaw
65. Cold War 1960s Space Race July 20, 1969 U.S. lands on the Moon http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PPWSUy75pIo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dgllSrCo7Fg