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Ionic Compounds

Ionic Compounds. SNC2DI. Terms to Know. Valence The combining capacity of an element Valence shell The outer electron shell of an atom, the electrons in this shell are called valence electrons. Anions. 1-. Cl. Cl.

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Ionic Compounds

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  1. Ionic Compounds SNC2DI

  2. Terms to Know • Valence • The combining capacity of an element • Valence shell • The outer electron shell of an atom, the electrons in this shell are called valence electrons

  3. Anions 1- Cl Cl • The chlorine atom now has a charge of -1 because it has gained an electron.

  4. Cations 1+ Na Na • The sodium atom is now an ion with a charge of +1 because it has lost an electron.

  5. The Ionic Bond • An ionic bond is when an electron from one atom is given to another atom and they are held together by strong electrostatic forces • Ionic compounds are formed when ions form a compound

  6. Formulas for Ionic Compounds • Write symbols with the metal first (metal+nonmetal • Write the combining capacity for each element over the symbol • Use “cross over” method and reduce numbers to lowest ratio 2- 2+ 3+ 2- S S Mg Mg S Al  3 2 2 2

  7. Naming Ionic Compounds • Metal first • non-metal second • Change ending of non-metal to “ide” magnesium + fluorine  magnesium fluoride aluminum + sulphur  aluminum sulphide

  8. Multivalent Ions • Some metals form more than one type of ion • E.g. Fe can be Fe2+ or Fe3+ and we use roman numerals to tell them apart

  9. Formulas for Multivalent Ions • iron (II) + fluorine  iron (II) fluoride Fe F  FeF2 • iron (III) + fluorine  iron (III) fluoride Fe F  FeF3 2+ 1- 3+ 1-

  10. Homework • Read Chapter 5.8 • Q. 1-9 on P. 195 • Created by Carl Fusco

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