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Factors Favouring Monogamy

Factors Favouring Monogamy. 1. Both parents do better if they care. i) Obligate monogamy. e.g. seabirds. ii) Payoff for caring > than seeking more matings. e.g. prothonotary warbler. No. of territories. No. of nestsites per territory.

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Factors Favouring Monogamy

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  1. Factors Favouring Monogamy 1. Both parents do better if they care i) Obligate monogamy e.g. seabirds

  2. ii) Payoff for caring > than seeking more matings e.g. prothonotary warbler No. of territories No. of nestsites per territory Petit, L. 1991. Experimentally induced polygyny in a monogamous bird species: prothonotary warblers and the polygyny threshold. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 29:177-187.

  3. 2. Female aggression e.g. house sparrow Female aggressive responses Pre-laying Laying Incubation Veiga, J.P. 1992. Why are house sparrows predominantly monogamous? A test of hypotheses. Anim. Behav. 43: 361-370.

  4. Social versus genetic mating system Extra-pair fertilizations (EPFs) e.g. red-winged blackbirds Realized / apparent success O = EPFs obtained Gibbs, H.L. et al. 1990. Realized reproductive success of polygynous red-winged blackbirds revealed by DNA markers. Science 250:1394-7.

  5. Benefits to Females 1. Direct (non-genetic benefits) i) increased resources (e.g. paternal care, food) ii) fertility insurance 2. Indirect (genetic benefits) i) good genes ii) genetic diversity or complementarity

  6. Polygyny Forms of Polygyny 1. Female defence polygyny 2. Lek polygyny 3. Resource defence polygyny 

  7. Costs and Benefits of Resource Defence Polygyny 1. Males i) Costs ii) Benefits**** 2. Females i) Costs**** ii) Benefits

  8. Models to Explain Resource Defence Polygyny 1. No cost models i) polygyny is beneficial e.g. red-winged blackbird marsh wren Picman, J. et al. 1988. Antipredation role of clumpled nesting by marsh-nesting red-winged blackbirds. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 22: 9-15.

  9. ii) polygyny is neutral e.g. yellow-headed blackbird Lightbody, J.P. and Weatherhead, P.J. 1988. Female settling patterns and polgygyny: tests of a neutral-mate-choice hypothesis. American Naturalist 132:20-33.

  10. 2. Cost models i) compensation (polygyny threshold model) C

  11. 2. Cost models ii) “deception” e.g. pied flycatcher aBinomial test, one-tailed iii) cost of searching for a mate Alatalo et al. 1990. Male polyterritoriality and imperfect female choice in the pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca. Behavioral Ecology 1: 171-177.

  12. Polyandry - e.g. red-necked phalarope

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