1 / 17

Highly-Cited Ideas in System Codesign and Synthesis

Reflecting on impactful ideas through citations in system codesign and synthesis research. A detailed analysis of top-cited papers from 1996-2006, examining methodologies and key contributions.

ramirop
Download Presentation

Highly-Cited Ideas in System Codesign and Synthesis

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Highly-Cited Ideas in System Codesign and Synthesis Tony GivargisCenter for Embedded Computer SystemsUniv. of California, Irvine, USAhttp://www.ics.ucr.edu/~givargis Frank VahidDept. of Computer Science and EngineeringUniv. of California, Riverside, USA*Also with the Center for Embedded Computer Systems, UC Irvine http://www.cs.ucr.edu/~vahid This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (CNS-0614957).

  2. CODES/ISSS in Atlanta #1 spectator sport in U.S. #2 sport on television in U.S. 2nd to football American football, that is

  3. Introduction • CODES/ISSS in 2nd decade • Pause to reflect on high-impact ideas • Citations are one measure of impact • B references A; A has 3 citations (and 2 refs) • Total citations are of interest • Especially with rise of "h-index" (Hirsch) in academics • Person with h-index of 25 has 25 papers cited at least 25 times • Intra-community citations also of interest • Measure of community building on each other’s work • Citations are clearly an imperfect measure • E.g., paper with no citations that leads to a company • May still yield insights Merged 2003 A cited CODES/ISSS papers reference B B references A A is cited by B

  4. Method • Table of contents from ACM online for CODES, ISSS, and CODES/ISSS proceedings • Entered titles into Google Scholar • Returns paper, and list of citing papers • We removed self-citations (10%-25%) • Result is “non-self-citations” • Done in early 2008 (“snapshot”) • Inexact process (like all) • Not all papers are known to Google, title mismatches, authors with same names, journal paper with same name • Process mostly automated, some manual steps, manual spot checks

  5. Top Four Each Year 1996-2006 • Table appears in paper • Examined top six overall (no adjustment for year published)...

  6. M. Arnold , H. Corporaal. Designing domain-specific processors. Int. Symp. on Hardware/Software Co-Design (CODES), 2001, pp. 61-66. Top 6 Cited Overall Since 1996 • 70 citations • Semi-automated method for detection and exploitation of application domain specific instruction set extensions for embedded (VLIW) processors • 1. detects frequent operation patterns • 2. patterns are grouped & implemented in a number of Special Function Units. • 3. incorporates the custom operations into the code generation process.

  7. J. Hou and W. Wolf. Process partitioning for distributed embedded systems. Int. Workshop on Hardware/Software Co-Design (CODES/CASHE), 1996, pp. 70-76. Top 6 Cited Overall Since 1996 • 78 citations • Technique for partitioning processes in distributed embedded systems. • Minimizes both context switch and communication overhead under real-time deadline and process size constraints, while allocating functions to processors suited to those functions.

  8. P.V. Knudsen and J. Madsen. Integrating communication protocol selection with partitioning in Hardware/Software Co-Design. Int. Symp. on System Synthesis (ISSS), 1998, pp. 111-116. Top 6 Cited Overall Since 1996 • 93 citations, • Incorporates communication protocol selection as a design parameter within hw/sw partitioning. • Considers data transfer rates depending on communication protocol types and configurations, and different operating frequencies of system components, e.g., CPUs, ASICs, and buses. • Considers timing and area influences of drivers and driver calls needed to perform the communication.

  9. M. Gasteier and M. Glesner. Bus-based communication synthesis on system-level. Int. Symp. on System Synthesis (ISSS), 1996, pp. 65-70. Top 6 Cited Overall Since 1996 • 98 citations, • Also one of the top-three most cited by the CODES/ISSS community with 13 citations. • Algorithm for generation of low cost communication topologies for statically scheduled systems. • Given a set of processes communicating via abstract send and receive methods and detailed information on communication requirements of each process, performs a clustering of data transfers and, for each cluster, the approach executes a bus generation algorithm that schedules bus accesses while minimizing total communication cost.

  10. R. Banakar, S. Steinke, B. Lee, M. Balakrishnan, P. Marwedel. Scratchpad memory: design alternative for cache on-chip memory in embedded systems. Int. Symp. on Hardware/Software Co-Design (CODES), 2002, pp. 73-78. Top 6 Cited Overall Since 1996 • 108 citations. • Especially interesting due to the paper being recent (2002) • Scratchpad memory as a means of reducing energy. • By using a compiler to insert instructions that move data to and from an on-chip SRAM, rather than relying solely on cache, the simpler memory design and control yields reduced energy • Of note is that all 108 citations appear to come from outside CODES/ISSS.

  11. R.P. Dick and W. Wolf. TGFF: Task graphs for free. Int.. Workshop on Hardware/Software Codesign (CODES/CASHE), 1998, pp. 97-101. Top 6 Cited Overall Since 1996 • 194 citations. • Generates synthetic task graphs that can model applications being input to a system synthesis or scheduling tool. • The tool’s synthetic task graphs have been used by numerous subsequent synthesis and scheduling approaches, accounting for many of the citations. F Task Graphs For Free

  12. Top 6 Cited Overall Since 1996 • New general problems (bus/communication synthesis, multi-processor process partitioning) • New solutions (scratchpad mem, ASIP design/compilation) • Framework Compared top-3 per year with bottom-3 per year Top 3 tended to be big ideas, bottom 3 very specific solutions (still useful!) Predictable from the titles alone

  13. 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 Citation Patterns (All, and Intra-Community) 50 50 40 40 2001All 2003All 30 30 2003Comm 2001Comm Number of citations Number of citations 20 20 10 10 0 0 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 Paper rank by citations for given year Paper rank by citations for given year 50 2002All 40 2002Comm 2004All 2004Comm 30 Number of citations Number of citations 20 10 0 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76 79 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 Paper rank by citations for given year Paper rank by citations for given year

  14. 50 40 2003All 30 2003Comm Number of citations 20 10 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 Paper rank by citations for given year Citation Patterns (All, and Intra-Community) for FPGA/FCCM, and for MICRO/ISCA 2003 CODES/ISSS MICRO/ISCA FPGA/FCCM 2000 and 2006 were similar. Of note: A MICRO/ISCA paper from 2000 had 939 citations, with 123 from within their community: “Wattch: A Framework for Architectural-Level Power Analysis and Optimizations.” Like the most highly-cited CODES/ISSS paper, that paper described a framework that enabled extensive subsequent research by others in the community.

  15. Percentage of Citations to CODES/ISSS Papers Coming from Within CODES/ISSS

  16. References [1] Google Scholar from Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Scholar. [2] S. Aditya, B. Ramakrishna Rau, V. Kathail. Automatic architectural synthesis of VLIW and EPIC processors. Int. Symp. on System Synthesis (ISSS), 1999, p. 107. [3] M. Arnold , H. Corporaal. Designing domain-specific processors. Int. Symp. on Hardware/Software Co-Design (CODES), 2001, pp. 61-66. [4] K. Atasu, G. Dündar, C. Özturan. An integer linear programming approach for identifying instruction-set extensions. Int. Conference on Hardware/Software Co-Design and System Synthesis (CODES/ISSS), 2005, pp. 172-177. [5] R. Banakar, S. Steinke, B. Lee, M. Balakrishnan, P. Marwedel. Scratchpad memory: design alternative for cache on-chip memory in embedded systems. Int. Symp. on Hardware/Software Co-Design (CODES), 2002, pp. 73-78. ... The Other Way – References by a Community’s Papers to Other Papers in the Same Community For all the papers of each community (not just the top 25), 18% of all MICRO/ISCA references were to papers within the community; the FPGA/FCCM rate was 6%, and the CODES/ISSS rate was 3%.

  17. Tough to catch up Conclusions • Highly-cited papers • Useful for study, graduate seminars, ... • Features: New problems, new ideas, or useful framework • Beware of positive feedback "runaway" phenomena • Questions... • Would more citing (appropriate, of course) benefit the community? • h-index; also better tracing of research • Are page limits (typically 6; other confs 10-12) a barrier? (No longer page costs) • Citations differences (vs other communities) due to more quality conferences in our area? Nature of relationship with industry? Multiple tracks? • Need for focus areas? • "Grand challenges" (akin to sequencing of human genome)? Focus on application areas? • Need for common benchmarks and frameworks? • Encourage (in CFP) reproduction/comparison of others’ work? • Encourage (in CFP) posting of complete data, examples, even tools? • (This year, my students are posting data/tools to encourage improvement/comparison) • ???

More Related