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Largest Empire in the world in the Nineteenth Century Where was it?

British Imperialism. Largest Empire in the world in the Nineteenth Century Where was it? Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, New Guinea, South Africa, Gold Coast, Egypt, Jamaica, British Guinea, Gibraltar, Malta, Hong Kong and Singapore “The Sun never sets on the British Empire.”.

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Largest Empire in the world in the Nineteenth Century Where was it?

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  1. British Imperialism • Largest Empire in the world in the Nineteenth Century • Where was it? • Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, New Guinea, South Africa, Gold Coast, Egypt, Jamaica, British Guinea, Gibraltar, Malta, Hong Kong and Singapore • “The Sun never sets on the British Empire.”

  2. British Imperialism

  3. British Imperialism

  4. India • Mughal Empire • There first • British arrive in 1600 • Trade along the coast • Bombay, Calcutta and Madras • Want more…

  5. British East India Company • What is it? • Government supported corporation • Britain left the EIC to expand their influence in India • Used military on the suffering Mughal Empire in the 18th century

  6. British East India Company • Corporate Military expands influence in India • Who served in this military? • Paid mercenaries • Sepoys – Native Indian soldiers • Could not advance beyond Sergeant • Made up the majority of the EIC army

  7. British East India Company • The EIC takes over India after a series of wars

  8. British India • Why did Britain want India so badly? • 300 million people – lots of markets • Produced materials • Cotton, tea, coffee, indigo (dye), opium • “Jewel in the crown” • Most valuable of all the British colonies

  9. British India • Benefits of Colonialism? • Railroads – 3rd longest in the world at the time • Communication – Telegraphs and telephones • Infrastructure – Schools, dams, roads, bridges, canals and sanitation • Safer, more stable

  10. British India • Negatives of Colonialism? • Limited Industrialization • Why? • Make the Indians buy British not local goods • This is Imperialism! • Cash crops instead of food • Racism, Religious problems

  11. Sepoy Mutiny • Lots of discontent among the Sepoys • Rumors rumors rumors • British cartridges for rifles were greased with cow and pig fat. • Hindu’s consider the cow sacred • Muslim's do not eat pork

  12. Sepoy Mutiny • So what do the Sepoys do? • Refuse to work • British commanders confused • 85-90% of Sepoys would not fight • Tried to jail them • Rebellion

  13. Sepoy Mutiny • Captured the city of Delhi and tried to assert control • EIC not happy, armies sent to stop the rebellion • Bloody war between EIC armies and rebel armies • EIC victorious • Mass murder of Sepoy rebel prisoners • EIC replaced by the Raj as rulers of India • Ruled India until it separated from Great Britain

  14. Sepoy Mutiny • Why did the Sepoy mutiny fail? • Division between groups • Muslims led rebellion, former Mughal leaders • Hindu’s supported British or were indifferent in the matter • Sikh’s supported the British as well

  15. Sepoy Mutiny

  16. Indian Nationalism • Started by whom? • Ram Mohun Roy • What changed did he want? • Dissolve caste system • No more arranged child marriages • Remove unequal pay • Stop being second class citizens in their own country

  17. Indian Nationalism • Form nationalist groups to look out for Indians • National Congress in 1885 • Muslim League in 1906 • Partition of Bengal • Tried to divide Bengal into a Hindu dominate region and Muslim dominate region • Massive riots, protests and acts of terrorism

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