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Kingdom Animalia. Invertebrates: Critters with no backbone. -Porifera -Cnidaria -Worms: Flatworms, Roundworms, Annelida -Mollusks Arthropods Echinoderms. Porifera: The Sponges. Cnidaria- Jellyfish, anemones, coral, hydra. Flatworms. Roundworms. Annelids (segmented worms. Mollusks.
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Invertebrates: Critters with no backbone • -Porifera • -Cnidaria • -Worms: Flatworms, Roundworms, Annelida • -Mollusks • Arthropods • Echinoderms
Porifera: The Sponges
Flatworms Roundworms Annelids (segmented worms
Answer: They are all animals! Characteristics of Animals: • heterotrophic • eukaryotic • Multicellular • Show motility at some point • lack cell walls • 95% = invertebrates (do not have backbone) ex. Insects to squid5% = vertebrates (have a backbone) ex. Mammals, reptiles, fish
Animal Functions • Feeding: Herbivore = eats plants Carnivore = eats animals Omnivore = eats plants and animals Detritivore = feed on decaying organic material Filter Feeders = aquatic animals that strain food from water Parasite = lives in or on another organism (symbiotic relationship)
2. Respiration: Take in O2 and give off CO2 Lungs, gills, through skin, simple diffusion
3. Circulation: -Very small animals rely on diffusion-Larger animals have a circulatory system to move materials throughout their bodies
4. Excretion: Primary waste product is ammonia 5. Response:Receptor cells = sound, light, external stimuliNerve cells => nervous system 6. Movement: * Most animals move
7. Reproduction: Most reproduce sexually = genetic diversity Many invertebrates can also reproduce asexually to increase their numbers rapidly
Body Symmetry - the body plan of an animal, how its parts are arranged Asymmetry - no pattern (corals, sponges) Radial Symmetry - shaped like a wheel (starfish, hydra, jellyfish) Bilateral Symmetry - has a right and left side (humans, insects, cats, etc)
Cephalization - an anterior concentration of sense organs (to have a head) *The more complex the animals becomes the more pronounced their cephalization
Anatomical Terms: anterior - toward the head posterior - toward the tail dorsal - back side ventral - belly side
Segmentation - "advanced" animals have body segments, and specialization of tissue (even humans are segmented, look at the ribs and spine)
Trends in Animal Evolution Early Development: Animals begin life as a zygote (fertilized egg)
The cells in the zygote divide to form the BLASTULA - a hollow ball of cells
Examples for each?? The blastula pinches inward to form three GERM LAYERS
*Most invertebrates *All vertebrates & Echinoderms (invertebrates)
Body Cavities • Coelom – lies between the digestive tract and the body wall • Important because it provides space in which internal organs can be suspended • Provide room for internal organs (growth) • Some cavities have fluids that are involved in circulation, feeding & excretion • Acoelomates – no coelom ex. flatworm • Pseudocoeloms – similar to coelom, but lack a mesoderm ex. roundworm