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Stress

Stress. USQ Norms. The higher the score the greater the risk for some kind of illness. General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS). Hans Selye in the 1930s identified a pattern of bodily responses that characterize the effects of stress on an individual.

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Stress

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  1. Stress

  2. USQ Norms The higher the score the greater the risk for some kind of illness

  3. General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) • Hans Selye in the 1930s identified a pattern of bodily responses that characterize the effects of stress on an individual. • The pattern consists of three stages that are common across individuals. • Alarm stage • Adaptation stage • Exhaustion stage

  4. General Adaptation Syndrome • Alarm stage • Immediate reaction to a stressor • Widespread bodily changes: • Inhibition of digestion. • Rapid conversion of stored nutrients to glucose. • Increase in heart rate, blood pressure, respiration and sweating. • Blood supply routed to limbs and away from the centre of the body • The ‘flight-or-fight’ response.

  5. General Adaptation Syndrome • Adaptation stage • Starts after a few minutes of alarm—preparation for action as immediate response fades. • Hypothalamus triggers pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). • Triggers release of glucocorticoids, norepinehrine, and epinephrine that are responsible for accompanying bodily changes. • Turn off low priority bodily responses, e.g., bone formation, sex, release of growth hormone. • Suppress processes that involve healing and tissue regrowth because of anti-inflammatory effects. • Inhibit sleep and enhance glucose production. • Organism is in a state of muscular readiness, ahead of growth, reproduction, immunity, and body maintenance and repair.

  6. General Adaptation Syndrome • Exhaustion stage • If adaptation lasts too long exhaustion sets in. • Results from long-term effects of the glucocorticoids. • Become more susceptible to illness because of suppression of immune system. • Further stress is more damaging.

  7. Life Stress • Hassles vs Stressors • Many daily annoyances can add up to stress, depleting personal resources. • Any life event can be stressful, including positive ones. • Unpredictability is the most stressful. • More stress leads to poorer health • Individual response depends on many factors

  8. Adaptation to Stress http://www.lfhk.cuni.cz/patfyz/Intranet/Tables/22/2.jpg

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