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Dawn of the Industrial Age

Dawn of the Industrial Age. A Turning Point in History. In 1750, most people Worked the land using handmade tools Lived in simple homes using firelight & candles Made their own clothes Grew their own food

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Dawn of the Industrial Age

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  1. Dawn of the Industrial Age

  2. A Turning Point in History • In 1750, most people • Worked the land using handmade tools • Lived in simple homes using firelight & candles • Made their own clothes • Grew their own food • Industrial Revolution- Long, slow process in which production shifted from simple hand-tools to complex machines • Made possible by • A second agricultural revolution • Population explosion • Development of new technology

  3. The New Industrial Age • Travelers moved rapidly between countries by train or steamship • New inventions & scientific firsts: • Anesthetic- prevents pain during surgery • Sewing machine • Speed of light measured

  4. Agricultural Revolution • New methods of farming (Dutch) • built dikes to reclaim land from the sea. • combined smaller fields into larger ones. • used fertilizer from livestock to renew the soil. • British farmers expanded on Dutch experiments. They: • mixed different kinds of soils to get higher crop yields. • tried new methods of crop rotation. • grew turnips, which restored exhausted soil. • invented the seed drill (to aid farmers, planted seeds in rows)

  5. Enclosure Movement • Enclosure- The process of taking over and fencing off land formerly shared by peasant farmers • Rich landowners wanted to create larger fields that could be cultivated more efficiently • Output & profits increase • But many laborers & small farmers forced out of work

  6. Population Explosion • Britain’s population soared from 5 million to 9 million from 1700-1800 • European population as a whole went from 120 million- 190 million • Such growth had never been seen before • Due to declining death rates • Ag. Rev. reduced famine  people were healthier, had more children

  7. New Technology • Energy Revolution • People began to find new sources of energy • Water mills & wind mills • Coal  Steam Engine powered by coal • Improved Iron • Coal vital for production of iron • New method for producing iron: smelt- separate the iron from its ore & remove impurities • Led to better quality & less expensive iron

  8. New Invention Assignment • Choose ANY invention from the Industrial Revolution. On a white sheet of paper, you will tell me: • Invention Name & Inventor • Description (paragraph) • Impact (paragraph) • Connection to Today (paragraph) • Colored picture of the invention • You can use your book (pg. 496) or notes. You may have to do additional research on your own. • Due Wednesday. You have class time today & tomorrow to work on this.

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