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Human Security Week 3

Human Security Week 3. Nikola Hynek. Liberal Underpinnings of HS. liberal underpinning s - stress on individual - social contract - bottom-up approach - inspired by Hobbes, Locke and Kant the emphasis on differences among states

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Human Security Week 3

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  1. HumanSecurityWeek 3 Nikola Hynek

  2. Liberal Underpinnings of HS • liberal underpinnings - stress on individual - social contract - bottom-up approach - inspired by Hobbes, Locke and Kant • the emphasis on differences among states - incapacity of some x responsibilities of others)

  3. Liberalism, HS and state sovereignty • J.S. Mill- the right to intervene when the process of national self-determination was denied • all theorist: take state sovereignty for granted Vs. • State sovereignty as a social construct • changing view after the CW (humanitarian emergencies – Rwanda, Bosnia) • Why? The denial of HR + ethnic cleansing • Need to rethink the norm of state sovereignty – “The Responsibility to Protect” Report

  4. The International Political Economy of Conflicts • The phenomenon of “international political economy of conflicts” • Problems with high-value commodities and their function during conflicts(diamonds, precious metals, even oil) • e.g. Trading conflict diamonds; the Kimberley Process

  5. The “New Humanitarianism“ • Axworthy´s shift = redefinition of the security landscape – “New Humanitarianism” • Within this “New Humanitarian” landscape – a number of previously ignored issues have cropped up (child soldiers, ICC, APLs, SALWs etc.) • Civil violence aided by modern technology

  6. HS and Changes in Diplomacy • new forms of diplomacy: International discourse + like-minded states (MPs) • “New Diplomacy” = synergies between like-minded countries + NGOs + IGOs • The International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) or The Human Security Network as examples • Issue-specific coalitions, the role of IT

  7. UN, Regional “Codes of Conduct“ and the Norm of Transparency • Civil society: Monitoring activities and observing the implementation of agreements • the norm of transparency (“codes of conduct”) • The UN – the lack of capacity and political will do deploy UN contingents rapidly • Why? Impartiality, lack of resources, the danger of “moral crusaders” (e.g. Sudan)

  8. The Function and Views of HS • The function of the HS paradigm: aggregate key values together (umbrella or assemblage of ideas) • Three views of HS: 1.natural rights (Locke/Jefferson) 2. humanitarian (negative freedom) 3. HS to overcome privation (the fulfilment of positive freedoms) • HS transcends traditional liberal internationalism: individuals come first (primary referent points), states secondary

  9. Concluding Questions: • Why should be the safety of individual the matter of international security and not, for instance, of domestic rule of law? • What is the role of the state? What is the role of the civil society?

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