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Genetics of Blood Types

Genetics of Blood Types. Your blood type is established before you are BORN , by specific GENES inherited from your parents. You inherit one gene from your MOTHER and one from your FATHER.

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Genetics of Blood Types

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  1. Genetics of Blood Types Your blood type is established before you are BORN, by specific GENES inherited from your parents. You inherit one gene from your MOTHER and one from your FATHER. These genes determine your blood type by causing proteins called AGGLUTINOGENS to exist on the surface of all of your red blood cells.

  2. What are blood types? Blood Types AA or AO = Type ABB or BO = Type BOO = Type OAB = Type AB There are 3 alleles or genes for blood type: A, B, & O. Since we have 2 genes, there are 6 possible combinations. http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/basics/blood/types.cfm

  3. How common is your blood type? 46.1% 38.8% 11.1% 3.9%

  4. ABO inheritance and genetics • The ABO gene is autosomal (the gene is not on either sex chromosomes) • The ABO gene locusis located on the chromosome 9. • A and B blood groups are dominant over the O blood group • A and B group genesareco-dominant • Each person has two copies of genes coding for their ABO blood group (one maternal and one paternal in origin)

  5. AUTOSOMAL CHROMOSOME The alleles for Blood group are in the same place on the chromosome 9. However the genes have a different code giving the different blood group A B Mustafa Sara one alleles from Mustafa and one from Sara.

  6. What do co-dominant genes mean? This meant that if a person inherited one A group gene and one B group gene their red cells would possess both the A and B blood group antigens. These alleles were termed A ( which produced the A antigen ), B (which produced the B antigen) and O (which was "non functional"and produced no A or B antigen)

  7. Possible Blood group Genotypes

  8. Possible Blood group Genotypes

  9. Why group A blood must never be given to a group B person? Giving someone blood from the wrong ABO group could be fatal. The anti-A antibodies in group B attack group A cells and vice versa. • Blood group O negative is a different story.

  10. Blood Group Antigens on RBCs Antibodies in Serum Genotypes A A Anti-B AA or AO B B Anti-A BB or BO AB A and B Neither AB O Neither Anti-A and anti-B OO The ABO blood groups • The most important in assuring a safe blood transfusion. • The table shows the four ABO phenotypes ("blood groups") present in the human population and the genotypes that give rise to them.

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