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Hydrograph Calibration Workshop Overview: API vs. Sacramento Model Approach

Explore the comparison between the API and Sacramento (SAC-SMA) models in the context of unit hydrograph calibration. Understand the advantages of the Sacramento Model Approach and methods for deriving unit hydrographs. Learn about surface runoff, interflow, and percolation in hydrograph analysis.

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Hydrograph Calibration Workshop Overview: API vs. Sacramento Model Approach

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  1. Channel Response-Unit Hydrograph Overview Basic Calibration Workshop LMRFC March 10-13, 2009

  2. API vs SAC UHG land land 1 1 channel channel 2 2 2 API -Surface RO -Impervious -Direct -Interflow -Releases RO to UHG in same time step; only when rain occurs -UHG reflects 1 and 2. SAC-SMA -Surface RO -Impervious -Direct -Interflow- delayed by model! -Releases SRO, DRO, IMP in same time step as rain. Interflow is delayed -UHG reflects 2

  3. API vs Sacramento UHG Q/depth API SAC-SMA time time

  4. Advantages of Sacramento Model Approach 2” 2” P P Same as API response ½” ½” uhg uhg Q Q time time API Sac-Sma Always linear Non-linear response surface RO uztw interflow uzfw percolation

  5. Derivation of SAC-SMA UHG • Methods • Observed hydrograph • Synthetic methods • Criteria for Events • Use large events, so that RO/precip > 0.3 • Precipitation causing event falls within a few time intervals.

  6. Derivation of Sacramento Model Unit Hydrograph from observed hydrograph • Separate out baseflow (primary • Supplemental) and interflow • Use std. methods to derive uhg • of SRO • Try several events Q/depth surface supplemental interflow primary time

  7. Hydrograph Separation Using Recession Analysis 5000 Total flow Primary Total – Primary Supplemental Total Baseflow (Primary + Supplemental) Total – Baseflow Interflow + Baseflow 1000 Surface and Impervious Runoff 100 50 Primary Supplemental 10 10 15 20 25 30 35

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