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BELLRINGER

BELLRINGER Have your S. Asia history and Webquest worksheets out to check! Answer the following Q’s on a separate sheet of paper: Regarding innovation and technological advances, which early civs and empires of S. Asia were you most impressed with? Explain.

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BELLRINGER

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  1. BELLRINGER Have your S. Asia history and Webquest worksheets out to check! Answer the following Q’s on a separate sheet of paper: Regarding innovation and technological advances, which early civs and empires of S. Asia were you most impressed with? Explain. Are there any connections you can draw with early civs and empires you learned about in N. Africa and SW Asia?

  2. History of South Asia Ch. 24 Sec. 2

  3. Indus Valley Civilization Mohenjo-Daro

  4. 1. What were 3 developments of the Indus Valley civilization? • Writing system • Strong central government • Masters of overseas trade • Organized, planned cities • Uniform weights and measures

  5. 2. What were 2 of the world’s first cities? What technology did they have? • Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa • Bricks made by kilns (still used today) • Plumbing systems (wells  home  covered drains) • Sanitation systems • Signs of dentistry: drilled, crowned teeth

  6. Mohenjo- Daro Great Bath

  7. 3. What do many scientists believe led to their decline? • Flooding • Drought • Δ in monsoons leaves area cool & dry • Tectonic activity diverts river elsewhere • Disease

  8. Aryan Arrival

  9. 4. Who were the Aryans? • Light-skinned herders and hunters from the northwest (possibly 1700 B.C.) 5. What were the Vedas? • Collection of sacred writings- show ideas of religion, social structure, hymns, etc. • Hindu sacred text (to some); oldest in Sanskrit

  10. 6. Aryan social class pyramid • Structure was flexible @ first (intermarriage, etc), but became more complex and rigid caste system

  11. 7. When did the Mauryan Empire control S. Asia? What religion? • 320-180 B.C.E. (Chandragupta Maurya) • Ruled all but southernmost India • Buddhism (Asoka’s pillars)

  12. 8. When did the Gupta Empire rule? What are things its famous for? Religion? • 320-550 A.D. (Chandra Gupta I) • Golden Age of India (sciences, math, astronomy, religion) • Concept of zero, origin of Arabic #s, heliocentric theory • Extensive Trade • Hindu Revival

  13. Gupta Achievements 1000 diseasesclassified 500 healingplants identified Printedmedicinal guides Kalidasa Literature PlasticSurgery Medicine GuptaIndia Inoculations C-sectionsperformed SolarCalendar Astronomy Mathematics DecimalSystem The earthis round PI = 3.1416 Conceptof Zero

  14. Extensive Trade:Gupta Empire spices silks rice & wheat cotton goods horses spices gold & ivory gold & ivory cotton goods

  15. 9. How did the Mogul (Mughal) Empire come to power? • Muslim missionaries & traders were moving across Africa & Asia • Moguls, over time, took control over most of Indian subcontinent (1526) • Babur • Most land gained under Akbar • Shah Jahan • Defeated only by British in 1857

  16. 10. Who were the first Europeans? • Portuguese, 1500 11. What was the East India Company and its significance? • Began as a trade company for East Indies mainly India & China • Soon began ruling India (1757-1858) • British Crown then took control of India

  17. 12. What did the British call their empire? How did colonization influence Indian culture? • Raj (empire) • Brought English language* • New educational system • Built RRs • Civil/public services

  18. Modern South Asia • India 13. What is significant about 1947? • Year gained independence from Britain 14. How was India further divided? • India formed for Hindus, Pakistan (east & west) for Muslims 15. How did the division of India impact peoples? • Forced to move to country of religion violent conflicts erupted • Kashmir

  19. Modern South Asia • Sri Lanka 16. When did Sri Lanka gain independence, from who? • 1948 from Britain, CeylonS.L. (1972) • Britain favored Tamils…prelude to civil war • Maldives • 17. When did the Maldives gain independence, from who? • 1965 from Britain

  20. Male, Maldives

  21. Modern South Asia • Pakistan/Bangladesh 18. What is significant about 1971? - Indo-Pakistani War b/w East & West, India fought against West Pak. Bangladesh created • Extremely violent (began with genocide against Bengali Hindus)

  22. Modern South Asia 19. List 2 regional conflicts. • Kashmir disputed b/w India & Pakistan • Nuclear weapons add to tension • Tamils want independent state w/in Sri Lanka (civil war) • Hindus vs. Muslims all over region

  23. Modern South Asia 20. List the type of government of each country. • India: largest democracy in world • Pakistan: Islamic Republic with military involvement (unstable) • Sri Lanka & Bangladesh: democracies w/ instability due to ethnic clashes • Nepal & Maldives: was monarchy, now democracy (2008, 1968 respectively) • Bhutan: Democracy w/ monarch (2007)

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