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Notes 09/02 Class 01: Introduction GEO105: World Regional Geography. Michael T. Wheeler Syracuse University, Geography. Lecture slide 02. Introduction. Class Introduction Quick Instructor Bio Dissertation on the development of 3d, historical maps Today’s class:
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Notes 09/02Class 01: IntroductionGEO105: World Regional Geography Michael T. Wheeler Syracuse University, Geography
Lecture slide 02 Introduction • Class Introduction • Quick Instructor Bio • Dissertation on the development of 3d, historical maps • Today’s class: • How do geographers look at the world? • Some simple examples from North America • Administration: syllabus, assignments, tests, etc. • Textbook: • Marston, Knox, and Liverman.World Regions in Global Context. 2nd Edition. 2005.
Lecture slide 03 What is World Regional Geography? • Geography (from World Regions: In Global Context, p. 2) • Geography: study of natural and human features on Earth Human Geography: Spatial organization of human activity • Regional geography: individuality and interdependence of regions • World Regional (WR, p. 36) • Informed regional geography understands places as components of a constantly changing global system • In this sense, “all regional geography is historical geography” [my emphasis]
Lecture slide 04 This Course • My approach • Show how physical environment has historically shaped human activities • Describe how, when, and why places have been integrated into global system • European empires • neighbors • Describe regions today • Environment • Historical legacies • Relationship to global system (economics / trade) • Individuality (primarily culture)
Lecture slide 05 Where are the city locations?
Lecture slide 06 City Location Factors • Military Defense • Physical Geography • Waterfalls • Limits of navigation • Water power [WR, 305] • Biogeography • Disease • Crops • Economic Geography (Trade and Transportation) • Intra-empire (tobacco: WR, 302-3) • Navigable waterways • Interior (wheat) • Importance of Water Transportation
Lecture slide 07 Population Maps, British North America(future U.S.)
Lecture slide 08 Greater Trade Picture • Early Chesapeake • Tobacco to U.K. • Slaves from Africa (or Caribbean) • Later Chesapeake • Sugar from West Indies to U.K. • Wheat to West Indies • Settlement of interior • Development of towns • Location adjusted to terms of trade
Lecture slide 09 What were the ‘Natural’ Transportation Routes? WR, Figure 7.4: Physiographic regions of the United States and Canada (p. 295)
Lecture slide 10 French Empire in North America France in North America, ca. 1750
Lecture slide 11 Comparing European Empires • British colonies • Coastal • Primarily commercial crop production (agriculture) • Constrained by the Appalachians • French colonies • Primarily fur trading and fishing • Great fluvial systems • St. Lawrence River • Mississippi / Missouri / Ohio System
Lecture slide 12 NE North America Topography, 1800
Lecture slide 13 New York State Transportation Geography See: WR, p. 332
Lecture slide 14 Responses to Erie Canal (RRs)
Lecture slide 15 American Core • Transportation • Erie Canal • Big Four Trunk Line Railroads • New York Central • New York and Erie • Pennsylvania • Baltimore and Ohio • Seaborne Commerce • New York City • Philadelphia, Boston, and Baltimore • American Core • Industrializing Northeast • Rapidly-growing Midwest
Lecture slide 16 U.S.-Canadian Core Figure 7.33: Megalopolis and Main Street (p. 330)
Lecture slide 17 Break Population Density Map of North America
Lecture slide 18 New France, 1750
Lecture slide 19 New France, 1750
Lecture slide 20 Canadian Shield Figure 7.4: Physiographic regions of the United States and Canada (p. 295)
Lecture slide 21 St. Lawrence Settlement
Lecture slide 22 Loyalist Exodus • Loyalists • Reward with land for loyalty • Defensive buffer against future U.S. invasion • Understandably, strongly anti-U.S. • Native Americans • Iroquois scattered throughout southwestern Ontario
Lecture slide 23 Military Frontier
Lecture slide 24 Canadian Population, 1800
Lecture slide 25 Binding the Nation Together
Lecture slide 26 Trans-Continental Railroad
Lecture slide 27 Canadian Trade Flows
Lecture slide 28 Binding the Provinces
Lecture slide 29 Canadian Proximity to U.S.
Lecture slide 30 Québec problem, 1981
Lecture slide 31 Québec Separatist Movement 1995 Vote for an independent Québec
Lecture slide 32 Cold War Defense
Lecture slide 33 Review • General Themes • Physical Geography (Rivers, mountains, soil) • Trade • Transportation • Specific Lessons • Imperial Legacies • U.S.: British, relationship to West Indies • Canada: French, British • Interdependence of northern U.S. / Canada • Canada • Québec problem • Binding the Dominion together • Develop strong identity as not U.S.
Lecture slide 34 Break Population Density Map of North America
Lecture slide 35 Rest of Class [1] • Syllabus • Web Site • http://classes.maxwell.syr.edu/geo105_f04 • Textbook • Historical Approach – some jumping around • Regional Approach – modern regions • Tests • Mid-term, Final • Class Discussion Questions
Lecture slide 36 Rest of Class [2] • Calendar • Assignments • Topic • Multi-Country Analysis • Large Ethnic Minority within a country • Geographic Examples • U.S. / Canada • India / Pakistan • Israel and Palestine • Belgium: ½ Walloon (French), ½ Flemish (Dutch) • Indonesia and East Timor
Lecture slide 37 Rest of Class [3]