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Alótropos de Carbono

Alótropos de Carbono. Grafito. Compuestos de Carbono. CO CO 2 H 2 CO 3. Ka1= 4.16*10-7 Ka2= 4.84*10-11 (Pauling). 370. 360. Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. 350. 340. 82%. Concentration ppm. 330. 320. 310. CO 2. 1940. 18%. 300. 1900. 290. 280. 1950. 1960. 1970. 1980. 1990.

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Alótropos de Carbono

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  1. Alótropos de Carbono

  2. Grafito

  3. Compuestos de Carbono • CO • CO2 • H2CO3 • Ka1= 4.16*10-7 Ka2= 4.84*10-11 (Pauling)

  4. 370 360 Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide 350 340 82% Concentration ppm 330 320 310 CO2 1940 18% 300 1900 290 280 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Year

  5. 26 Medieval Climate Optimum 25 82% 24 Sea Surface temperature °C 23 22 18% Temperature of Sargasso Sea 21 Little Ice Age 20 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Year

  6. 13 12 US National Temperature °C 11 United States Surface Temperature 10 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 Year

  7. http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/globalchange/global_warming/03.htmlhttp://earthguide.ucsd.edu/globalchange/global_warming/03.html http://www.oism.org/pproject/s33p37.htm

  8. carburos • Iónicos o salinos • Covalentes • Metálicos o intersticiales

  9. C-N : (CN)2 cianógeno ; HCN cianuro de hidrógeno NaCN • HCN + NO2 (CN)2 + NO • NO + ½ O2  NO2 CH4 + NH3 + O2 -- (cat Tº< 800º) 2 HCN + 6 H2O CH4 + NH3 ----(cat. Tº = 1200º) HCN + H2 CaC2 + N2 ---(1100º)- CaNCN + C CaNCN + C + Na2CO3 - CaCO3 + 2 NaCN NCN-2 CO2

  10. C-S • CS2 (súlfuro de carbono) 100º, SiO2 o Al2O3 CH4+ S CS2 +2 H2S +3 Cl2 CCl4 + S2Cl2

  11. silicio SiO2 + C + Cl2 SiCl4 (l)+ CO (g) SiCl4 (l)+ H2 HCl + Si (s)

  12. SILICONAS 2 Si (Cu cat) +6 HCl → 2HSiCl3 + (H2SiCl2) +(SiCl4) + 2 H2 2 Si (Cu cat) +6 CH3Cl (200ºC,1-2 Atm) (CH3)nSi(4-n) n [Si(CH3)2Cl2] + n [H2O] → [Si(CH3)2O]n + 2n HCl

  13. SnO2 (casiterita) + C Sn + CO • PbS (galena) + O2 PbO + PbSO4 • PbS + PbO + PbSO4 Pb + SO2 • Pb2+ + H2O PbOH+ + H+ pKa = 7.9

  14. Anode (oxidation): Cathode (reduction):

  15. Ión amonio NH4+ • Forma sales solubles en forma similar a Na+ o K+ (tiene valor similar de Q/r), pero es un catión mas reactivo: • Hidroliza en agua: • b) Sus sales hidrolizan y se vaporizan al calentarlas:

  16. En fase sólida

  17. 2 Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 SiO2 + 10 C (1500°C) → 6 CaSiO3 + 10 CO + P4 2 Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 SiO2 → 6 CaSiO3 + P4O10 P4O10 + 10 C → 10 CO + P4

  18. P4 Fósforo de Hittorf

  19. Superfosfato y Superfosfato triple Ca3(PO4)2 + 2H2SO4 → Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2CaSO4 (16-20% P2O5) Ca3(PO4)2 + H3PO4 Ca(H2PO4)2 (45-50% P2O5)

  20. Fosfinas PR3 buenos ligandos acídicos

  21. fósforos + KClO3 en el palo del fósforo Fármacos Tratamiento de la sífilis Subsalicilato de bismuto para el tratamiento problemas gastrointestinales

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