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Distribution Automation Technical Background & Current Trends Dan Murray Siemens Energy, Inc. Smart Grid Conference

Distribution Automation Technical Background & Current Trends Dan Murray Siemens Energy, Inc. Smart Grid Conference Rosen Shingle Creek Resort, Orlando, Florida October 20-21 2011. Topics. Overview of several Distribution Automation Applications

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Distribution Automation Technical Background & Current Trends Dan Murray Siemens Energy, Inc. Smart Grid Conference

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  1. Distribution Automation • Technical Background & Current Trends • Dan Murray • Siemens Energy, Inc. • Smart Grid Conference • Rosen Shingle Creek Resort, Orlando, Florida • October 20-21 2011

  2. Topics • Overview of several Distribution Automation Applications • Technical Considerations when implementing DA Applications • Architectures • Sensors • Communications / Cyber security • Control Technologies • Other Considerations when implementing DA Applications • Current System Configuration (that is to say, your starting point) • Policies and Standards • Human Resources / Skill Sets • ROI / Budget • DA Implementation Strategies

  3. Distribution Automation TrendsExample: CenterPoint Smart Grid Strategy Source: [1] Leveraging AMI and BPL Technologies at CenterPoint: Energy to Build the Intelligent Grid of the Future – Don Cortez

  4. Select DA Applications • Fault Detection Isolation and Service Restoration (FLIR or FLISR) reduces the impact of outages. • Volt/VAR Control provides greater network efficiency through improved monitoring and regulation of power on distribution lines. • Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) reduces load during peak periods.

  5. Fault Location Isolation and Service Restoration (FLIR or FLISR)General Description • Fault Location, Isolation, and Service Restoration • Detects occurrence of a fault on a distribution feeder. • Determines the location of the fault between 2 switches or reclosers. • Isolates the faulted section between nearest switch and/or recloser. • Restores service to “healthy” portions of the feeder while maintaining safe loading limits on the second source.

  6. Fault Detection Isolation and Service Restoration (FLISR)Typical Operation Today without FLISR

  7. Fault Detection Isolation and Service Restoration (FLISR)Improved Performance using FLISR

  8. Fault Detection Isolation and Service Restoration (FLISR)Benefits Revenue per Distribution Mile • IOU $62,665 • Muni $86,302 • Coop $10,565 Source: 2006 RUS/EIA data Source: [2] “Equipment for Feeder Automation - Recent Trends in Feeder Automation Seminar” IEEE PES Miami Chapter Miami, Florida June 2, 2005, John McDonald, KEMA, Inc.

  9. Volt/VAR ControlGeneral Description • Volt/VAR Control provides greater network efficiency through improved monitoring and regulation of power on distribution lines. • Regulation performed through coordinated use of cap banks and voltage regulators. • If DMS is used, then On Line Power Flow (OLPF) may help determine what control actions to take.

  10. Conservation Voltage ReductionGeneral Description • Conservation Voltage Reduction • Flattens the voltage profile across the feeder. • Allows monitoring of lowest voltage point to ensure it is above minimum acceptable voltage level. • Determines the necessary control actions to accomplish CVR.

  11. System ArchitectureNIST Smart Grid Conceptual Model – Detailed View Source: [3] Interoperability and Cyber Security Plan, NRECA CRN Smart Grid Regional Demonstration, Grant DE-OE-0000222

  12. Centralized vs. Decentralized ArchitectureOverview • Centralized vs. Decentralized refers to where the switching logic resides. • Centralized at Centralized Decentralized • Control Center at the Substation Peer-to-peer

  13. Centralized vs. Decentralized Architecture Comparison

  14. Fault Detection Isolation and Service Restoration (FLISR)Components when using Peer-to-Peer Logic Approach Decentralized Feeder Automation • Better Performance • Standardization • Simplicity • Lower Cost • Short Cycle business Municipals and Cooperatives • Standardize on products • Available skills and expertise • Cost-Driven • Small Annual Budgets (Short Cycle) Concept + + + + Wireless Substation HMI (Option) Switches IED Family Software

  15. Fault Detection Isolation and Service Restoration (FLISR)System Integration when using Peer-to-Peer Logic • Automated Primary Switches/Reclosers • Smart Controller • High Speed Communication • Communication Protocol (DNP / IEC 61850) • Software Configuration Tools • Smart Fault Detection Capability • Smart Switching Logic

  16. Fault Location Isolation and Service Restoration (FLIR or FLISR)Benefits from Peer-to-Peer Approach Problem: Keeping the lights on! Reduce outage size and duration. Locate faults faster with less driving time. Reduce crew size to isolate and restore. Reduce windshield time, particularly with long distribution lines. Compelling Solution: Allows utilities to “do more with less” Fast transfer scheme for critical load (e.g., hospital or industrial acct.) Perform isolation and restoration faster than standard recloser and sectionalizer technology, and sometimes at a lower CAPEX cost. Increase billing revenue through fewer and smaller outages. Improve customer service – Resolve outages before customer calls. Provide the ability to service a larger territory with fewer linemen. Make use of adaptive settings for storm conditions to reduce SCADA operator work load.

  17. Fault Detection Isolation and Service Restoration (FLISR)Peer-to-Peer Example: A&N Electric Coop

  18. Communication ProtocolsComparison

  19. Telecommunication OptionsCommercial Carriers Source: [4] “Smart GridNet” Architecture for Utilities. Alcatel-Lucent Strategic White Paper.

  20. Telecommunication OptionsDirection of Wireless Technologies

  21. Communication Technology DeploymentComparison

  22. DA Implementation Strategies Project Management Engineering • Requirements planning • Evaluating your system starting position • Cost / Benefits Analysis • Perform pilots and limited deployment • Implementation resources available • NRECA website (architecture framework and cyber security) • NIST Production System Test Support

  23. Questions? • Dan Murray • Marketing Manager • Mobile: (408) 687-9134 • dan.murray@siemens.com • Thank you!

  24. References • [1] Leveraging AMI and BPL Technologies at CenterPoint: Energy to Build the Intelligent Grid of the Future – Don Cortez • [2] “Equipment for Feeder Automation - Recent Trends in Feeder Automation Seminar” IEEE PES Miami Chapter Miami, Florida June 2, 2005, John McDonald, KEMA, Inc. http://www.ece.fiu.edu/docs/Seminar/John%20MacDonald/Equipment%20for%20Feeder%20Automation.pdf • [3] Interoperability and Cyber Security Plan, NRECA CRN Smart Grid Regional Demonstration, Grant DE-OE-0000222 http://www.nreca.coop/press/NewsReleases/Documents/InteroperabilityCyberSecurityPlan.pdf • [4] “’Smart GridNet’ Architecture for Utilities,” Strategic White Paper, Alcatel-Lucent, 2007.

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