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Motivating Today’s Workforce and Handling Employee-Management Relations

Motivating Today’s Workforce and Handling Employee-Management Relations. Understanding Human Relations. Needs of management Needs of employees. What Is Motivation?. Needs Actions Outcomes. Workforce Motivation. Monetary rewards Fair treatment Satisfying work Work-life balance.

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Motivating Today’s Workforce and Handling Employee-Management Relations

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  1. Motivating Today’s Workforce and Handling Employee-Management Relations Business In Action 3e

  2. Understanding Human Relations • Needs of management • Needs of employees Business In Action 3e

  3. What Is Motivation? • Needs • Actions • Outcomes Business In Action 3e

  4. Workforce Motivation • Monetary rewards • Fair treatment • Satisfying work • Work-life balance Business In Action 3e

  5. Theories of Motivation • Frederick W. Taylor • Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs • Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory • Theory X, Theory Y, and Theory Z • Equity Theory • Expectancy Theory Business In Action 3e

  6. Frederick W. Taylor • Scientific management • Monetary rewards • Personal productivity Business In Action 3e

  7. Maslow’s Hierarchy • Self-actualization • Self-esteem needs • Social needs • Safety needs • Physiological needs Business In Action 3e

  8. Working conditions Pay and security Company policies Supervisors Interpersonal relations Achievement Recognition Responsibility Work itself Personal growth Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Hygiene Factors Motivational Factors Business In Action 3e

  9. Irresponsible Lack ambition Dislike work Avoid responsibility Motivated by extrinsic rewards Goal seeking Creative Like work Accept responsibility Motivated by intrinsic rewards McGregor’s Assumptions Theory X Employees Theory Y Employees Business In Action 3e

  10. Ouchi’s Theory Z • Employee involvement • Family environment Business In Action 3e

  11. Equity Theory • Ratio comparison • Expected inputs • Expected outputs Business In Action 3e

  12. Expectancy Theory • Employee performance • Expectancy about performance • Expectancy about rewards • Attractiveness of rewards Business In Action 3e

  13. Workplace Motivation Strategies • Setting goals • Reinforcing behavior Business In Action 3e

  14. Management by Objectives • Setting goals • Planning action • Implementing goals • Reviewing performance Business In Action 3e

  15. Reinforcement Theory • Positive reinforcement • Obtain pleasant consequences • Negative reinforcement • Avoid unpleasant consequences Business In Action 3e

  16. Staffing Challenges • Skilled-labor shortage • Rightsizing the workforce • Quality of work and life Business In Action 3e

  17. Skilled Labor Shortage • Revised pay systems • Career-development programs • Educational programs Business In Action 3e

  18. Employee loyalty Employee burnout Job insecurity Technological advancements Information overload Rightsizing the Workforce Business In Action 3e

  19. Characteristic Then Now Attachment to Employer Long-term Near-term Readiness to Change Jobs Not Interested Not Looking (but will listen) Priorities on the Job The Firm & Its Goals Personal Life & Career Devotion to Employer Goals Follow Orders Buys In (usually) Effort on the Job 100 Percent 110 Percent Personal Motto Always Faithful Seize the Day The Committed Employee: Then and Now Business In Action 3e

  20. Quality of Work Life • Job enrichment • Reduces specialization • Expands responsibilities • Job redesign • Restructures work • Coordinates skills and jobs Business In Action 3e

  21. Demographic Challenges • Workforce diversity • Alternative work programs Business In Action 3e

  22. Diversity Issues • Globalization • Aging workforce • Gender equality • Sexual harassment Business In Action 3e

  23. Workplace Diversity Initiatives • Policies • Procedures • Training Business In Action 3e

  24. Alternative Work Arrangements • Flextime • Telecommuting • Job sharing Business In Action 3e

  25. Working With Labor Unions • Wages and benefits • Working conditions • Job security Business In Action 3e

  26. Overview of Labor Unions • Advantages • Strength in numbers • Bargaining power • Disadvantages • Restricts individuality • Negative stereotypes Business In Action 3e

  27. Collective Bargaining Process • Preparing to meet • Meeting • Reaching an agreement • Voting and ratification • Signing the agreement Business In Action 3e

  28. Resolving an Impasse • Mediation • Arbitration Business In Action 3e

  29. When Negotiations Break Down • Labor • Strike • Boycott • Publicity • Management • Strikebreakers • Lockouts • Injunctions Business In Action 3e

  30. Labor Movement Today • Unions included 35% of the workforce in the 1950s • Unions include 13.5% of today’s workforce Business In Action 3e

  31. Declining Union Membership • Decline in manufacturing • Rise in service industries • Changes in the workforce • Flat organization structures Business In Action 3e

  32. The Labor Movement Today • Traditional causes • Good wages • Safe conditions • Fringe benefits • New causes • Job security • Healthcare costs • International competition Business In Action 3e

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