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Chapter 4, Socialization

Chapter 4, Socialization . The Socialization Process Theories of Socialization Agents of Socialization Growing up in a Diverse Society Socializing Across the Life Cycle Resocialization. The Socialization Process. The process by which humans learn the expectations of society.

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Chapter 4, Socialization

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  1. Chapter 4, Socialization • The Socialization Process • Theories of Socialization • Agents of Socialization • Growing up in a Diverse Society • Socializing Across the Life Cycle • Resocialization

  2. The Socialization Process • The process by which humans learn the expectations of society. • Different for each individual depending on race, gender, class, attractiveness, personality.

  3. Consequences of Socialization • Establishes self-concepts. • Creates the capacity for role taking. • Creates the tendency for people to act in socially acceptable ways. • Makes people bearers of culture.

  4. Theories of Socialization • Psychoanalytic Theory - the self is driven by unconscious drives and forces that interact with the expectations of society. • Object Relations Theory - the development of the self is the result of individuation and attachment in relationship to parenting figures.

  5. Theories of Socialization • Social Learning Theory - identity is a learned response to social stimuli. • Symbolic Interaction Theory -people construct the self as they interact with the environment and give meaning to their experience.  

  6. Piaget: Social Learning Theory • Children go through stages of cognitive development : sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. • Altering the social environment can change behavior.

  7. The Looking-glass Self • How we think we appear to others. • How we think others judge us. • How the first two makes us feel - proud, embarrassed or something else.

  8. Mead: Taking the Role of the Other • Imitation stage - children imitate the behavior of those around them. • Play stage - children take on the role of significant others. • Game stage - children internalize an abstract understanding of how society sees them.

  9. Family Media Peers Religion Sports Schools Agents of Socialization

  10. Socialization Across the Life Cycle • Childhood - establishes one’s initial identity and values. • Adolescence - formation of a consistent identity. • Adulthood and Old Age - learning new roles and expectations in adult life.

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