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WAR IN EUROPE

WAR IN EUROPE. Atlantic War. German Wolf Packs Hitler deploys U-Boats to attack ships Wolf pack tactics successful at first New tech like radar and air-craft carriers eventually limit u-boat attacks Anerica builds them faster than Germany can sink them. Allied Air War.

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WAR IN EUROPE

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  1. WAR IN EUROPE

  2. Atlantic War • German Wolf Packs • Hitler deploys U-Boats to attack ships • Wolf pack tactics successful at first • New tech like radar and air-craft carriers eventually limit u-boat attacks • Anerica builds them faster than Germany can sink them

  3. Allied Air War • Carpet Bombing, (planes scattered large numbers of bombs over a wide area) Allies began to bomb German cities in a attempt to destroy their ability to fight • Many German civilians were killed during these attacks (Hamburg alone losing 40,000) • 1944, Allies were bombing German cities regularly, America during day and RAF at night.

  4. North Africa • General Erwin Rommel (the Desert Fox) won several key victories for Germany and gained control of North Africa • Operation Torch- General Eisenhower commanded Allied forces. • May 1943, Allied forces seize control of North Africa

  5. Invasion of Italy • Using North Africa as staging point, General Patton and the Allies invade Sicily • Italian people lost faith in Mussolini he flees to northern Italy • German army in Italy continue to fight, causing heavy causalities to the Allies • April 1945, the German forces finally defeated, 2 1/2 years after the Allies landed in Italy • Same month, Mussolini is shot and killed by Italians

  6. GREAT GENRERALS General Patton Field Marshall Montgomery

  7. Great Generals General Bradley General Eisenhower

  8. D-Day • June 6th 1944, Eisenhower puts Operation Overlord into effect, Allies had been secretly planning the invasion of the Normandy beaches while using decoys to confuse the Germans • 4,600 invasion craft and warships, 2,500 RAF and American bombers, 3 million American, British, and Canadian troops • Allies met with residence, but Hitler hesitates to launch a counter attack (falling for the decoys) • Causalities heavy but D-Day was huge success. • Using Normandy as a staging point, General Bradley bombarded German forces on the land and air giving General Patton’s legendary Third Army a line to advance through. • By Sept 1944, France, Belgium, Luxemburg were free. • FDR wins 4th term as president with Truman as Vice President

  9. D-DAY

  10. Battle of the Bulge • The Germans last huge offensive, in Luxembourg and Belgium • Using soldiers as young as 15, the Germans smashed into the allied forces causing a bulge in their forces • Despite being cut into small units, the Americans fight against overwhelming odds and regain control • The battle of the bulge was the largest battle in Western Europe involving 600,000 soldiers of which 80,000 were causalities. The Germans losses were about 120,000 • Result- Nazi leaders recognized that they would lose the war

  11. Battle of Stalingrad • The Germans had been pressing into Russia, but were stalled by a horrible winter • The Soviet’s held out through winter and began to push the freezing German army back • Like the Battle of the Bulge in the West, this was the turning point of the war in the East, Soviets would now push through to Berlin • The Germans lost around 330,000 troops at Stalingrad while Russia lost an estimated 1,100,000

  12. Germany Surrenders • With the Allies pushing into Germany from the West and Soviets from the East, the war was nearly over • Hitler flees to his bunker in Berlin, commits suicide • May 8th 1945, German forces surrender ending war in Europe • America celebrate V-E day (victory in Europe Day) but were still fighting the war in the Pacific against Japan • FDR dies before V-E day Truman now president

  13. Hero’s • Despite segregation, minorities fight heroically • Tuskegee Airman won two distinguished Unit Citations • The 92nd infantry division (the Buffaloes) 7 legion merit awards, 65 silver stars, 162 bronze stars • 442 Regimental Combat Team (Japanese Americans) becomes most decorated unit in U.S. history.

  14. Hero’s

  15. WAR IN THE PACIFIC

  16. Bataan Death March • Japan takes over Philippians • P.O.W’s subjected to harsh conditions & brutality • 10,000 American and Filipinos die on march to camp • 15,000 die from starvation, disease, and torture

  17. Doolittle Raid • First bombing of Tokyo • Lifted American spirits • Shocked Japanese leadership

  18. THE BATTLE OF THE CORAL SEA • Held Japan from invading Australia • First time Japanese advance is stopped • New style of warfare, aircraft carriers, battle is fought in the air • Both sides suffer huge losses

  19. Battle of Midway • Turning point of the war in the pacific • Crucial for the protection of Hawaii • America inflicts huge losses on Japan stopped advance • Commanded by Admiral Nimitz

  20. Battle of Guadalcanal • First American offensive in pacific • 1st experience with jungle warfare • Japan’s first defeat on land

  21. Re-taking the Philippines • America uses the island hopping strategy- using captured islands as staging points for advancement with a goal of reaching Japan • Philippines 160,000 troops invade island • General MacArthur proclaimed “People of the Philippines, I have returned”

  22. The Battle of Leyte Gulf • Japan uses nearly every ship they had • Japanese begin using Kamikaze or suicide pilots • 80,000 Japanese are killed

  23. Iwo Jima • America suffers 25,000 causalities • 27 metals of honor were given to soldiers on Iwo Jima, more than any other battle during the war • The famous flag raising picture. Becomes the symbol of American sacrifice and struggle

  24. Ira Hayes • Franklin Sosley (†) • Michael Strank (†) • Rene Gagnon • James Bradley • Harlon Block (†) • (†) = died on island

  25. Battle of Okinawa • Closest island to mainland Japan, second largest invasion of war • Refusing surrender, most Japanese fought to death, using Banzai charges • America suffers 50,000 causalities but now had clear path to Japan

  26. Navajo Code Talkers • Using Native American language • Send coded messages that Japan couldn’t break

  27. Atomic Bomb • Manhattan Project • Top secret project • President Truman had to decide if he should use it • Massive invasion of Japan would cost millions of allied causalities

  28. AUGUST 6, 1945 • America drops the bomb on Hiroshima (Enola Gay) • 3 days later, with no surrender from Japan, a second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki

  29. USS Indianapolis • After delivering the bomb, the Indianapolis was sunk, the events that took place afterwards are horrifying • http://youtube.com/watch?v=USnM-ee06pg

  30. JAPAN SURRENDERS • August 14, 1945 Japan surrenders ending World War II

  31. USS NEW JERSEY YouTube - Iowa Class Battleship fires its 16 inch guns

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