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A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. AFTER THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. England was self-supporting producing all necessary goods. England dependent on foreign trade. The INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. BEFORE. AFTER. Food produced by small farm owners.

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A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

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  1. A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

  2. BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

  3. AFTER THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

  4. England was self-supporting producing all necessary goods England dependent on foreign trade The INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION BEFORE AFTER • Food produced by small farm owners • Crops produced in large farms hiring labourers • People live on their own farms • People live in rented cottages or in towns • Clothes produced in factories • Clothes woven in cottages

  5. COTTAGE INDUSTRY

  6. The INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION THE TERM IS USED TO INDICATE CHANGES IN INDUSTRIAL, AGRICULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE THAT WERE BOTH VIOLENT AND REVOLUTIONARY IN industrial organisation: from work at home to work in factories industrial method: from handwork to work done by machine

  7. FAVOURABLE CONDITIONS • RAPID EXPANSION OF TRADE • ABUNDANCE OF RAW MATERIALS • GROWTH OF POPULATION • HIGH LEVEL OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES • AN ENTERPRISING MIDDLE CLASS WITH A PURITAN MENTALITY • THE SLAVE TRADE • LAISSEZ-FAIRE

  8. THE SLAVE TRADE cotton woven and spunin Lancashire cotton cloth sold in exchange for slaves slaves sold to American plantations

  9. TECHNOLOGY THE STEAM ENGINE patented by Watt in 1769 • MAN IS NO LONGER DEPENDENT ON NATURAL SOURCES OF POWER

  10. OTHER AREAS OF DEVELOPMENT TEXTILE WATER FRAME 1769 SPINNING JENNY 1764 CROMPTON’S MULE 1779 POWER LOOM 1785 MINING 1. COAL EXTRACTED WITH THE USE OF STEAM POWER 2. COAL USED AS FUEL FOR STEAM ENGINE IRON SMELTED BY COAL AND NO LONGER BY CHARCOAL GREAT QUANTITIES REQUIRED IN BUILDING MACHINES

  11. ACHARCOAL KILN

  12. FIRST DEVELOPMENTS the COTTON INDUSTRY Availability of raw material Good markets Demand for cloth during Napoleonic wars

  13. LOCATION OF FACTORIES Water power used to drive machinery MILLS built near rivers before IR power provided by STEAM ENGINE Factories in North & Midlands after IR

  14. TRANSPORT specialisation QUICK TRANSPORT cheaper production lower prices

  15. ROADS • still the old Roman roads • bad conditions • infested with highwaymen and bandits • dangerous BEFORE IR AFTER IR creation of the turnpike trusts: they repaired and maintained the roads.

  16. CANALS taking advantage of a good network of rivers, canals were built to connect various industrial areas. much faster transport than what could be obtained by road

  17. THE RAILROAD the invention which was to overcome all the difficulties

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