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Humoral immune response

Humoral immune response. Type of adaptive immune response mediated by antibodies that neutralize and eliminate extracellular pathogens and their toxins. Cell mediators of humoral immunity are B l ymphocites. Functions of antibodies. Humoral im m un e response. T hy mus- independant

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Humoral immune response

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  1. Humoral immune response

  2. Type of adaptive immune response mediated by antibodies that neutralize and eliminate extracellular pathogens and their toxins Cell mediators of humoral immunity are B lymphocites

  3. Functions of antibodies

  4. Humoral immuneresponse Thymus-independant (T-independant) Thymus-dependant (T-dependant)

  5. Cells that respond to thymus-dependent antigens Spleen, other lymphoid organs

  6. Functional consequences of B-cell activation

  7. Phases of humoral immune response

  8. Interaction of helper T- cells and B-cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues

  9. Antigen recognition and presentation by B-cells

  10. Interaction of helper T- cells and B-cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues

  11. T- and B-cell cooperation

  12. Antibody affinity maturation • Processof increasing the affinity of the antibody in prolong or repeated exposure to the same antigen • It takes place in germinative centers of lymphoid follicules • Underlying mechanism is: • somatic mutation of gene for variable region of Ig in proliferating B-cells and selection of B-cells with high-affinity receptor for that antigen

  13. Hypermutation of Ig V genes Intensive proliferation Activated B go to germinative center

  14. Somatic hypermutations of Ig V genes

  15. High-affinity plasma and memory cells leave germinative center B not recognizing Ag on FDC die by apoptosis Selection B recognizing Ag on FDC survive Hypermutation of Ig V genes Somatic mutation Intensive proliferation Activated B go to germinative center

  16. Regulation of humoral immune response • Process where Ab bound to Ag inhibits further Ab production • Purpose: humoral immune response termination upon sufficient IgG production Antibody feed-back regulation

  17. Mechanism of feed back regulation by Abs

  18. Antibody feed-back regulation Clinical application • In therapy of some autoimmune inflammatory diseases IgG of numerous donors (IVIG) - engage inhibitory FcR on B-cellsand inhibit pathological immune response

  19. Primary and secondary humoral immune response Secondary response Primary response Amounth of antibody First exposure to the antigen Repeated exposure to the antigen

  20. Humoral immune response to thymus-independent antigens Encapsulated bacteria IgM B-cell

  21. Cells that respond to thymus-independent antigens Spleen

  22. 1. Adaptive humoral immune response is mediated by a. IgM 2. Humoral immune responseis important in defense aginst b. B-cells of marginal zone in spleen 3. Humoral immune response to non-protein antigens is c. quantitatively and qualitatively different (faster, stronger and more efficient) 4. Cells that respond to polysaccharides in blood are d. CD4+ T-cells 5. In response to thymus-independent antigens mostly is produced e. isotype switch, affinity matturation and memory B-cell development 6. Cells that respond to proteins are f. antibodies 7. Humoral immune response to protein antigens necessary is the participation of g. thymus-independent 8. Features of humoral immune response to thymus-dependent antigens are h. antibody feed-back regulation 9. Secondary humoral immune response, compared to primary , is i. follicular B-cells 10. Phenomenon of inhibition of antibody production by antibody bound to antigen is j. extarcellular microorganisms and their toxins 1.____ 2.____ 3.____ 4.____ 5.____ 6.____ 7.___ 8.___ 9.____ 10.___ f j g b a i d e c h

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