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Kuskowagamiut Riverine Eskimos. Return papers Rodeo Attendence Seminole Visit Publicity Food Activities. Kusowagamiut Eskimos Reports 12:30 Robert Krista Ailbee Begin Kwakiutl book. Agenda. People, Population, and Language. Yuit people 1986 5500 people Speak Central Yupik
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Return papers Rodeo Attendence Seminole Visit Publicity Food Activities Kusowagamiut Eskimos Reports 12:30 Robert Krista Ailbee Begin Kwakiutl book Agenda
People, Population, and Language • Yuit people • 1986 5500 people • Speak Central Yupik • Other languages, Pacific Gulf and Siberian
First Contact • 1819 Russian Beaver Trade • 1866 Russians leave because of pending Alaskan Purchase by US
Origin Myth • Raven makes the land to have a place to rest • Land is dark so he finds sun and drags it to land. Fall off becomes stars. • Creates plants and animals to make land better and spirits prosper.
Land • Built houses where they had ready access to resources • Salmon • Subterranean housing
Conveyences • Two forms of transportation • Summer for life around waterways • Kayaks • Umiak • Winter easier • sleds • snowshoes
Women’s domain in home Responsibility processing food child care clothing gathering Men hunt fish fowl mammals Gender Roles
Matrilocal residence Ambilineal descent Eskimo terminology Shamans sororal polygamy Kinship
Enculturation to gender roles Why? Men hunt fish Salmon fowl mammals Bearskin for trade Carpenters in building season (summer) Subsistence
Physical characteristics genetically similar to Asian populations epicanthic fold* shovel shaped incisor* Bergman’s rule short, round, long torso* *adaptive to environment Cultural Adaptation waterproof hides fur on inside for insulation Thermoregulation hides allow ventilation loose fitting women carry babies on back in hood Appearance
Shamans usually men apprenticed diagnose, predict, and cure Aids: drumming, singing, and magic if person died might be accused of witchcraft Witchcraft antisocial Ceremonies Great Ceremony for the Dead free the souls for eternal rest in the sky Supernaturalism
Russian Orthodox introduced in 1950s helping other people in need soul to hell if not baptized or suicide ghost of dead returns to community--icons prevent return Syncretism Blending of two religions Recent Religion