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Urinary System

Urinary System . Introduction • The urinary system Filters the body of waste materials , Homeostaticaly regulates bodys fluid status,electrolyte balance and acid base balance. Endocrine and Synthetic functions. EPO Controls RBC production from stem cells in marrow

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Urinary System

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  1. Urinary System Introduction • The urinary system Filters the body of waste materials ,Homeostaticalyregulates bodys fluid status,electrolyte balance and acid base balance. Endocrine and Synthetic functions • EPO • Controls RBC production from stem cells in marrow • Stimulated by reduced PO2 in kidney (not systemic PO2) • Vitamin D • Active form (calcitrol) produced by a hydroxlation in kidney & liver • Important for calcium absortion from GI and also neuronal development in-utero • Renin • An enzyme. Synthesized in juxtaglomerular (granular) cells in afferent arteriole • Stimulated by a fall in circulating volume • Leads to the production of Ang II and Aldosterone

  2. Basic Anatomy of the Kidney Renal Hilus: Renal artery, vein, nerves, lymphatics & renal pelvis Cortex Medulla: Renal Pyramids Medullary rays Papilla

  3. Internal Structure of the Kidney 85% 15%

  4. Nephron Structure: Associated Blood Vessels Renal → segmental → interlobar → arcuate → cortical radial (interlobular) → afferent → glomerulus → efferent Two arterioles and two capillary beds in series The Kidney Has The Highest Blood Flow Per Unit Mass Among Major Organs. 1250 ml/min = 25% of cardiac output

  5. Nephron Structure

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