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Acid Nomenclature. Acid Nomenclature. Traditional inorganic acids contain hydrogen combined with a negative ion. To name these compounds, apply the following rules: A. Binary Acids – an acid that contains TWO elements – a hydrogen and a non-metal ion. Naming Binary Acids.
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Acid Nomenclature • Traditional inorganic acids contain hydrogen combined with a negative ion. To name these compounds, apply the following rules: A. Binary Acids – an acid that contains TWO elements – a hydrogen and a non-metal ion
Naming Binary Acids • 1. Use the prefix hydro- • 2. Use the root of the full name of the nonmetallic element • 3. Add the suffix –ic and the word acid
Naming Binary Acids • Examples: HCL hydrochloric acid H2Se hydroselenic acid Hydro + root of non-metal + -ic and “ACID”
Practice Problems • Name the following acids. • HBr • H2Se • HCl • HI • HF
Practice Problems • Write formulas for the following acids: • Hydrofluoric acid • Hydrosulfuric acid • Hydrophosphoric acid • Hydrobromic acid • Hydroiodic acid
Naming Ternary Acids • Ternary Acids – “oxyacids” – acids that contain hydrogen and a polyatomic ion that has oxygen 1. Determine the name of the polyatomic ion (radical). 2. Change the radical’s ending i. -ate changes to –ic ii. -ite changes to -ous
Naming Ternary Acids 1. Determine the name of the polyatomic ion (radical). 2. Change the radical’s ending i. -ate changes to –ic ii. -ite changes to –ous • Keep any prefixes like hypo- and per- • Add the word acid Radical name -ic (if ion ends in -ate) and ACID Or Radical name -ous (if ion ends in -ite) and ACID
Examples HClO4 HClO2 HClO3 HClO
Writing Formulas for Oxyacids Hydrogen is always listed FIRST. Look at the name of the acid and find the radical. Remember that the -ic ending came from the -ate ion and the -ous ending came from the -ite ion. Write the formula so the total charge is equal to zero.
Examples Sulfuric Acid Sulfurous Acid Nitric Acid