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Key Vocabulary

Key Vocabulary. Eclipse Vocabulary Annular eclipse Annulus Penumbra Umbra Lunar eclipse Solar eclipse Eclipse info in the textbook: P42-45. Moon Vocabulary Lunar maria Spring tide N eap tide R ays Sidereal period S ynodic period W aning Waxing Apogee Perigee

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Key Vocabulary

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  1. Key Vocabulary Eclipse Vocabulary • Annular eclipse • Annulus • Penumbra • Umbra • Lunar eclipse • Solar eclipse Eclipse info in the textbook: P42-45 Moon Vocabulary • Lunar maria • Spring tide • Neap tide • Rays • Sidereal period • Synodic period • Waning • Waxing • Apogee • Perigee Moon info in the textbook: P39-41 p248-249 p285-287

  2. Astronomy 2014 Earth’s Moon

  3. Lunar Maria Huge impact basins that were flooded by lava that now appear as smooth, dark areas • Also called “seas” • Cover 17% of the Moon • Range from about 200 km- 1200 km in size • Physical Features: pits & craters • Rock type: Basalt

  4. Sea of Tranquility (Mare Tranquillitas) • Site of Apollo 11 Landing • Selected because of level terrain

  5. Spring Tide and Neap Tide • Spring Tide: • Highest and lowest monthly tides • Occur at the new and full moon • Caused by the alignment of the Sun and Moon with the Earth • Neap Tide • Lower than average tides • Occur at the first and third quarter moon • Created when the pull of the Sun is perpendicular to the pull of the Moon on the Earth

  6. Lunar Craters • Bowl-shaped depression left by the impact of an object that struck the lunar surface • Shape is due to material flying out in all directions as a result of the explosion upon impact • Craters are the most common surface features on the Moon • Major Parts • Floor • Central Peaks • Walls • Rim • Ejecta • Rays

  7. Crater Rays Bright streaks extending away from the crater sometimes for great distances, composed of ejecta material.

  8. Tycho • Large, complex impact crater with terraced walls, flat floor, and central peaks • Most visible crater on the near side of the Moon • 85 kilometers wide, 4.8 km deep • Formed about 200 million years ago from an oblique impact • Surrounded by a dark ring and long rays • Rays are not distributed equally in all directions • Rays located primarily to the lunar east, south, and northwest • No rays to the west

  9. Sidereal Period and Synodic Period • Sidereal Period: the Moon’s actual orbital period around the Earth • Synodic Period: time between successive recurrences of the same phase (for example: full moon to full moon)

  10. Waxing and Waning Waxing • Face of the moon is increasing into view • New Moon  Full Moon Waning • Face of the moon is decreasing out of view • Full Moon  New Moon

  11. Apogee and Perigee Apogee • Point at which Moon orbits furthest from Earth • Moon appears smallest Perigee • Point at which Moon orbits closest to Earth • Moon appears largest

  12. Astronomy 2014 Eclipses

  13. Penumbra • Outer regions of an object’s shadow • Lighter than middle portion Umbra • Center region of an object’s shadow • Darker than outer portion

  14. Lunar eclipse • Occurs when the Moon passes through Earth’s shadow • Can only occur at full moon • Three Types: • Total • Partial • Penumbral http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXPJIDrzo0w

  15. On the back of your packet, sketch this graphic showing the arrangement of the Sun, Moon, and Earth for a lunar eclipse.

  16. Solar eclipse • Occurs when the Moon’s shadow falls on Earth • Can only occur at new moon • Three Types: • Total • Partial • Annular http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_201ttTSG30

  17. Annular Solar Eclipse • Type of Solar Eclipse • Occurs when the Moon is directly in front of the Sun, but does not completely block it out • Annulus: Ring of sunlight that is seen around the dark Moon shadow

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