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Introduction to Plants…..

Introduction to Plants…. Biology I Review:. What is botany? The study of plants What is the general traits of the Plant kingdom: Eukaryotic Cells contain a nucleus and membrane bound organelles Autotrophic Makes its own food through the process of photosynthesis Multicellular.

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Introduction to Plants…..

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  1. Introduction to Plants…..

  2. Biology I Review: • What is botany? • The study of plants • What is the general traits of the Plant kingdom: • Eukaryotic • Cells contain a nucleus and membrane bound organelles • Autotrophic • Makes its own food through the process of • photosynthesis • Multicellular

  3. Overall structure of a plant cell: • A: Vacuole • Storage area for water and sugar • B: Cell wall • Provide shape and support • D: Nucleus • Contains DNA • E: Mitochondria • Breaks sugar down into energy • F:Chloroplast • Site of photosynthesis

  4. Importance of plants: • Major role in our water cycle • Uses up CO2 and produces O2 • Used as our primary food source • Source of medicine • Yams produce cortisone that treat inflamation • Source of fabric • Cotton, linen (flax), hemp

  5. Basis of fossil fuels • coal, oil and natural gas • Stored photosynthetic energy from millions of years ago • Used for housing and shelters Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  6. Plant Kingdom shows much biodiversity • Plant Kingdom is made up of 12 phyla and includes over 270,000 different species • 500 million years ago plants were only in the water • Land plants appeared 430 million years ago • What changed to move plants from water to land? • Development of the ozone layer • Protected plants from the sun’s harmful UV rays Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  7. Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  8. What adaptations were needed to allow a plant to move from a water to a land environment? • 1. Development of a cuticle • Waxy, protective covering that prevents water loss Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  9. 2. Development of stomata • Small openings on the surface that allows O2andCO2 to move in and out of plant Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  10. Must reproduce with spores or seeds • These structures prevent water loss, provide protection and nourish embryo • Sounds like what structure we already learned about in the animal kingdom? -the egg Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  11. Had to have the formation of vascular tissue • A type of tissue that provides support, transports water and dissolved substances from one part of the plant to another • 1. Xylem: -carries water and inorganic nutrients from roots to stems and leaves Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  12. 2. Phloem • Carries organic food molecules (sugars) and water in any direction depending on a plants needs Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  13. Plant Classification: • Plants are divided into 2 main groups: • 1. Vascular: • Has vascular tissues, roots, stems and leaves • Examples: • Ferns, flowering plants and conifers Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  14. 2. Nonvascular: -has no vascular tissue -No true roots, stems or leaves -Examples: -mosses and liverworts Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  15. Vascular: further divided into two groups • Seedless plants Seeded plants • FERNS • reproduce with spores Gymnosperms Angiosperms Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  16. Gynmosperms: • -include pines, evergreens and ginkgoes • Seeds are not encased in a fruit Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  17. Angiosperms: • -Flowering plants • Seeds are produced within a flower and housed in some type of protective fruit Examples: Apples, cherries, grass Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  18. Angiosperms are further divided into: • Monocotyledons Dicotyledons (monocots) (dicots) Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

  19. What is a cotyledon? -first leaf of embryo Free Template from www.brainybetty.com

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