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Emerging PIT-tag Technologies. For NPCC Fish Tagging Forum – March 22, 2012. Presenter: Sandra Downing. Ideas and information supplied by numerous people. Outline of Presentation. Little bit of introduction and history . Tags. Transceivers. Antennas.
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Emerging PIT-tag Technologies For NPCCFish Tagging Forum – March 22, 2012 • Presenter: Sandra Downing Ideas and information supplied by numerous people
Outline of Presentation • Little bit of introduction and history • Tags • Transceivers • Antennas • Examples of emerging and future applications • Computer programs
PIT-tag Systems Consist of Tags Antennas Transceivers 1999: 400-kHz tags 400-kHz 12” pipe 2001: BE ISO tags FS1001A 2’ x 6’ 2005: ST ISO tags FS1001M (multiplexing) 2.5’ x 12’ 2008: SST ISO tags FS1001M 3’ x 20’ first 9-mm tag Corner collector 17’ x 17’ 2010: SST-1 ISO tags no new Destron 4’ x 25’ 13-mm HDX Allflex-low power, FDX&HDX 3’ x 10’ better 9-mm tag Future: 16-msec tags New multiplexing transceiver ogee-passby, 5’ x 25’ or 5’ x 50’ (2012)12-mm HDXReplacement dam transceiver (2020) larger / more antennas shorter/thinner tags Spillway-Ogee and New TI-HDX great 9-mm tag
Tags 9-mm tag BPA – New tag contract for 3 sizes of PIT tags • Received 18 tag models from different vendors in December 2011 • PSMFC and NOAA Fisheries evaluated the tags • with laboratory, field, and fish tests • 12-mm contract went to the same Destron SST-1 tag • (now being sold as Biomark tag) • 9-mm contract went to RFID Solutions S.L. • (detection rate was 54% in the BCC system vs 12% for best Destron 9-mm) • 23-mm contract went to Biomark • Tag costs reduced with new contract
Tags Additional new PIT tags • 16-msec tags (7-9% higher detection at BCC) • New 12-mm HDX tags (improved over 13-mm prototype) • Many small tags now available • (smallest 7-mm x 1.25-mm tags had disappointing performance) • Slender 8-mm x 1.25-mm tags • (12-mm: 30% volume and 24% weight at .024g)
Tag or Tagging Effects • 12.5-mm tags have been shown in several studies to • negatively impact SARs • Lost or shed tags / higher mortality (if so how much higher) • Do smaller tags have less of a negative effect? • NOAA Fisheries is designing • an experiment to evaluate • this in Alaska with its higher • SARs
Future for Tags • 9-mm tags to replace 12.3-mm tags as standard size? • I think we will see anti-collision firmware that will make • it possible to detect multiple tags that are in an • antenna’s field simultaneously. • Ability to kill or temporarily disable tags • (e.g., collecting tag data from avian predator populations)
Transceivers On-going Developments Biomark (nee Destron Fearing) • Ogee transceiver • 2020 transceiver – replacement for transceivers at dams, ISO • New multiplexing transceiver NMFS and Allflex • Improving system performance for low-powered Allflex board
Spillway Detection - Ogee transceiver • 25-35% of tagged fish returning • have no juvenile passage info • Powerful - capable of creating field 4-5’ deep in passby mode • Possible replacement for corner- • collector transceiver (i.e., it will be able • to operate very large single antennas) • Can detect the 16-msec tags
2020 transceiver • Designed to replace the FS1001J, FS1001A, • and FS1001AB at the mainstem dam sites • with a single transceiver model • Currently will not work for smaller antennas • Auto tuning • Diagnostics needed to help PSMFC • maintain its high operational standards • Several communication ports • (ethernet, fiber optic, USB) • ISO transceiver, so reads both FDX and HDX • Will be installed and tested in 2012
New multiplexing transceiver • Can sync master controllers • Substantially better read range • Auto tuning • Same power consumption as MUX • for 6 antennas • Up to 12 antennas
New multiplexing transceiver NOAA Fisheries will be testing final prototypes during first week of April
Transceivers Future Developments Biomark • New handheld or portable reader • Low cost multiplexing transceiver Texas Instrument • New reader for HDX tags
Antennas As in the past, once we have new transceivers, we will learn how to push them to maximize antenna size and learn how to use them for new applications. For example, new multiplexing transceiver will require less of an air gap in its antennas than the MUX.
Tests of a 50’ long antenna with prototype ACN transceiver (new meaning to it’s in the back of the truck)
Emerging and Future Applications Spillway Detection • Lower Granite Dam • Goal is to install for 2014 • TSW into Bay 2 as backup for RSW in Bay 1 • Lower Granite Dam’s ogee is very different from Ice Harbor Dam’s • Tag collisions are a big issue for spillway detection • Detection rate is a big unknown • Antenna read range want 48-60”
Emerging and Future Applications Juvenile lamprey
Emerging and Future Applications Willamette Basin Cougar Dam Purpose is Flood Control Many lack fish passageways
Computer Programs • M4 program for interrogation data • M4 program for performing separation-by-code • More incorporation of meta data into fisheries database(s) • Better web-based tools that allow for more complicated • and faster analyses
What PIT-tag tools do researchers or managers want to see in the future to improve management of the fisheries resources?