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The Crusades 1095–1204

The Crusades 1095–1204. The Crusades were a series of Christian military campaigns against Muslims in the eastern Mediterranean between 1100 and 1200

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The Crusades 1095–1204

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  1. The Crusades1095–1204

  2. The Crusades were a series of Christian military campaigns against Muslims in the eastern Mediterranean between 1100 and 1200 • Factors causing the Crusades included religious zeal, knights’ willingness to engage in church-sanctioned warfare, a desire for land on the part of younger sons of the European nobility, and an interest in trade

  3. Reasons for War • The tradition of pilgrimages, Muslim control of Christian religious sites, and the Byzantine Empire’s requests for help against the Muslims combined to make the Holy Land the focus of the Crusades. • In Muslim controlled Holy Land Christians were not allowed to wear crosses in the 8th century. • Religious taxes were imposed • Non-Muslim religious instruction was forbidden. • 937 Palm Sunday destruction

  4. In 1095 Pope Urban II initiated the First Crusade when he called upon the Europeans to stop fighting each other and fight the Muslims instead. Excerpt… • Sacrifice rather than greed. • No conversions. • Lived better in Christian territories? Pg.131

  5. The Impact of the Crusades • The Crusades had a limited impact on the Muslim world • More significant was that the Crusaders ended Europe’s intellectual isolation when Arabic and Greek manuscripts gave Europeans their first access to the work of the ancient Greek philosophers • The Crusades had a significant impact on the lifestyle of European elites

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