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FIRST AID REVIEW

FIRST AID REVIEW . BURNS. Check that scene is safe Remove from source Apply cool water Cover loosely with sterile dressing Chemical Burns: Flush with water for at least 20 minutes, especially eyes. MUSCULOSKETAL INJURIES. Dislocation – displacement of bones from normal position at joint

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FIRST AID REVIEW

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  1. FIRST AID REVIEW

  2. BURNS • Check that scene is safe • Remove from source • Apply cool water • Cover loosely with sterile dressing • Chemical Burns: Flush with water for at least 20 minutes, especially eyes.

  3. MUSCULOSKETAL INJURIES • Dislocation – displacement of bones from normal position at joint • Fracture- break or disruption in bone tissue • Sprain- partial or complete tearing or stretching of ligaments at joint • Strain- excessive stretching and tearing of muscles or tendons, pulled or torn muscle R. I. C. E. • R- Rest • I- immobilize • C- Cold (ice) • E- Elevate SPLINTING Sling and Binder- check for feeling, warmth and color beyond the injury (Shoulder) Rigid Splint- padding or board under injured part ( (forearm) Anatomic Splint- bandage injured body part to uninjured body part (leg injury) Soft Splint- Wrap a soft object around injured body part , pillow/blanket (ankle injury)

  4. CHEST, ABDOMEN AND PELVIS INJURIES • Call 9-1-1 first • Limit movement • Monitor breathing and signs of life • Control bleeding • Take steps to minimize shock • Rib fractures- Use sling and binder, monitor breathing, • Call 9-1-1, use blanket or pillow for support • Puncture Wounds- Call 9-1-1, cover wound, monitor breathing

  5. HEAD, NECK AND SPINE INJURIES • Support head and neck in position you find it. • Do not attempt to align it. • Use Manual Stabilization (Hands on both sides of person’s head , gently holding the person head in the position found. • Care for shock: Help person rest in a comfortable position. • Serious head, neck or spine injury: Changes in level of consciousness is key. • Actively bleeding wound: Apply direct pressure with a sterile or clean dressing to the wound and then apply a pressure bandage.

  6. SUDDEN ILLNESS Common Signals include: • Changes in level of Conscious • Loss of vision or blurred vision • Signals of shock Stroke Recognition (FAST) F ace Arm Speech Time Seizure:After seizure, check for life-threatening conditions and for possible injury while trying to provide privacy for the person.

  7. POISONS, STINGS Poisons can enter the body by: Ingestion Inhalation Injection Absorption Severity of a poisoning depends on the type and amount, time elapsed since poison entered the body, person’s size, weight and age. Call 9-1-1 immediately. Removing a bee sting:Scrape the stinger away from the skin with the edge of a plastic card.

  8. HEAT / COLD RELATED EMERGENCIES Heat Related Cold Related 2 Conditions that result in overexposure to the cold: Frostbite:Get person to warm environment and then warm parts using skin-to-skin contact. DO NOT immerse frostbite parts in hot water. Freezing of body tissues. Hypothermia: A life-threatening condition that develops when the body’s warming mechanisms fail to maintain normal body temperature. Dehydration:Can be heat or cold related. Replace lost fluids. Heat related illnesses include: Heat Cramps, Heat exhaustion, Heat Stroke Heat Cramps: Painful spasms of skeletal muscles that develop after heavy exercise or work outdoors in warm or moderate temperatures. Heat Exhaustion: Early stage and most common form of heat related illness. Get person out of heat and into cool place. Heat Stroke: A life-threatening condition that develops when the body’s cooling mechanism fails.

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