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The Late Middle Ages

The Late Middle Ages. William the Conqueror. A. Cousin to the king of England 1. He was the Duke of Normandy, meaning he was a vassal to the King of France B. Dispute over who would be next in line for the throne when the king died.

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The Late Middle Ages

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  1. The Late Middle Ages

  2. William the Conqueror • A. Cousin to the king of England • 1. He was the Duke of Normandy, meaning he was a vassal to the King of France • B. Dispute over who would be next in line for the throne when the king died. C. Many nobles felt that William would stay loyal to France over England. -1. William felt he was next in line.

  3. The Norman Conquest • D. William put together a large militia of 6,000 men and hundreds of ships • E. Invaded in 1066: Battle of Hastings • F. The whole story was recorded on the Bayeaux Tapestry • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8OPQ_28mdo

  4. William the Conqueror:Battle of Hastings, 1066

  5. England After William • G. Redistributed noble lands in England and gave it to his vassals • H. Set up a governing body called the Great Council; would later become Parliament • I. Took a census to know how to collect taxes • 1. Recorded this in the Domesday Book

  6. Political Evolution in England • J. William’s son, Henry I, created a financial system that handled all of the royal finances: Exchequer • K. Henry II established the principle of common law and the idea of a jury trial

  7. Magna Carta, 1215 • L. King John I, highly corrupt • M. “Great Charter” • N. monarchs were not above the law. • O. kings had to consult a council of advisors. • P. kings could not tax arbitrarily.

  8. The Hundred Years’ War,1347-1453 • Q. Started over succession dispute to England’s throne. • R. England’s ruler tried to claim he was ALSO king of France. • S. This all stemmed back to money; the wool industry in certain parts of France

  9. General Information • T. The War was a series of short raids and expeditions punctuated by a few major battles, marked off by truces or ineffective treaties. • U. The relative strengths of each country dictated the sporadic nature of the struggle.

  10. Military Advantages Britain France More populous In many battles, twice as many French as there were English More money More money equals more resources to distribute. • Advanced weapons • Longbow • Engaged in profitable raids • Take what you can and get out. • Avoided pitched battles

  11. Summary of the War • V. Britain has several early victories that cause chaos in France • W. The French strike back with the assistance of Joan of Arc • X. There isn’t a treaty or a truce, just an end to the fighting • Y. France becomes unified

  12. France in 1337 France in 1453

  13. Study Questions • 1. What was the meaning for the Hundred Years war? • 2. Who created the idea of Trial by Jury? • 3. How was the Battle of Hastings recorded? • 4. Who was William the Conqueror’s son?

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