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Fall Greek 2003

Fall Greek 2003. Croy Lesson 15. Principal Parts. Greek Perfect Tense. The Greek Perfect denotes an action completed in the past, but the focus is on its result or continued status into the present. What did you do yesterday? I was studying Greek. (IMPERFECT)

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Fall Greek 2003

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  1. Fall Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 15

  2. Principal Parts

  3. Greek Perfect Tense The Greek Perfect denotes an action completed in the past, but the focus is on its result or continued status into the present. What did you do yesterday?I was studying Greek. (IMPERFECT) Why do you look so tired?I have been studying Greek. << PERFECT

  4. Greek Perfect Tense • Mark 16.6 • NRSV: “You are looking for Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified. He has been raised; he is not here…. • NIV: You are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who was crucified. He has risen! He is not here. • NAS: you are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who has been crucified. He has risen; He is not here…” • GREEK: Ἰησοῦν ζητεῖτε τὸν Ναζαρηνὸν τὸν ἐσταυρωμένον· ἠγέρθη, οὐκ ἔστιν ὧδε·

  5. Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending PRES ACT -- STEM -- o/εPrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/εPrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/εSecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/εSecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σo/εPrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σo/εPrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASSἐSTEMθη--SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct

  6. Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending PRES ACT -- STEM -- o/εPrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/εPrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/εSecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/εSecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σo/εPrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σo/εPrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASSἐSTEMθη--SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct PERF ACT--XSTEMκα / α--PrimAct

  7. Greek Verbs • PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE Start with the stem

  8. Greek Verbs • PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE Reduplicate the first letter

  9. Greek Verbs • PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE Add the κα tense code

  10. Greek Verbs • PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE Add the Primary Active Endings

  11. Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending PRES ACT -- STEM -- o/εPrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/εPrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/εSecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/εSecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σo/εPrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σo/εPrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASSἐSTEMθη--SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct PERF ACT--XSTEMκα / α--PrimAct PERF MPD--XSTEM----PrimMP

  12. Greek Verbs • PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE Start with the stem

  13. Greek Verbs • PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE Reduplicate the first letter

  14. Greek Verbs • PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE Add the Primary Mid/Pass Endings directly to the STEM

  15. Greek Verbs • PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE Be aware of contractions with the Stem and endings

  16. Greek Pluperfect Tense The Greek Pluperfect denotes an action completed prior to some point in the past, with the focus on its result or continued status up to that point. (It’s like a ‘past’ tense of the Perfect.) I had studied Greek when I was a child.

  17. Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending PRES ACT -- STEM -- o/εPrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/εPrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/εSecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/εSecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σo/εPrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σo/εPrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASSἐSTEMθη--SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct PERF ACT--XSTEMκα / α--PrimAct PERF MPD--XSTEM----PrimMP PLPF ACT(ἐ)XSTEMκει / ει--SecAct

  18. Greek Verbs • PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE Start with the stem

  19. Greek Verbs • PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE Reduplicate the first letter

  20. Greek Verbs • PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE Add the ἐ augment (usually)

  21. Greek Verbs • PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE Add the κει tense code

  22. Greek Verbs • PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE Add the Secondary Active endings

  23. Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending PRES ACT -- STEM -- o/εPrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/εPrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/εSecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/εSecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σo/εPrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σo/εPrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASSἐSTEMθη--SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/εSecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct PERF ACT--XSTEMκα / α--PrimAct PERF MPD--XSTEM----PrimMP PLPF ACT(ἐ)XSTEMκει / ει--SecAct PLPF M/P(ἐ)XSTEM----SecMP

  24. Greek Verbs • PLUPERFECT ΜIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE ONLY OCCURS 7 TIMES IN THE NT Start with the stem

  25. Greek Verbs • PLUPERFECT ΜIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE Reduplicate the first letter

  26. Greek Verbs • PLUPERFECT ΜIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE Add the ἐ augment (usually)

  27. Greek Verbs • PLUPERFECT ΜIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE Add the Secondary Middle/Passive endings directly to the STEM

  28. INFINITIVES

  29. PRESENT INFINITIVE • λύειν - λύεσθαι – to be loosening / to keep on being loosened • 1st AORIST INFINITIVE • λῦσαι – λύσασθαι – to loosen / to be loosened • 2nd AORIST INFINITIVE • λαβεῖν – λαβέσθαι – to take / to be taken • AORIST PASSIVE INFINITIVE • λυθῆναι – to be loosened • βληθῆναι– to be thrown • PERFECT ACTIVE INFINITIVE • λελυκέναι– to have loosened • PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE/DEPONENT INFINITIVE • λελύσθαι– to have been loosened (passive)

  30. PERFECT REDUPLICATION When verb begins with: • Most consonants > simple reduplicationπεπιστευκα λελυκα • Vowel / diphthong > lengthen the vowel / diphthongἀγαπαω> ἠγαπηκα • Aspirated consonant (φ θ χ) > reduplicated with corresponding unaspirated consonantθεραπευω > τεθεραπευκα φιλεω > πεφιληκα • Double consonant (ψ ζ ξ) or two consonants > reduplicate with ἐ (yes, it looks just like an augment)ζητεω > ἐζητηκα σταυροω > ἐσταυρωμαι • Irregulars: See section 105, page 86f.

  31. ANALYSIS

  32. ANALYSIS

  33. Lesson 15 • Vocabulary

  34. Croy 15 - Exercises • Do sentences 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 12 of Practice and Review • Do NT #4 and 5

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