Equivalence rules

Aug 02, 2014

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Equivalence rules. Knowledge Representation & Reasoning . Propositional Logic: Equivalence rules .

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Equivalence rules

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Equivalence rules
Knowledge Representation & Reasoning Propositional Logic: Equivalence rules • .

Equivalence Relations

Equivalence Relations. Rosen 6.5. Some preliminaries. Let a be an integer and m be a positive integer. We denote by a MOD m the remainder when a is divided by m. If r = a MOD m, then a = qm + r and 0  r  m, qZ Examples Let a = 12 and m = 5, 12MOD5 = 2

4.87k views • 23 slides

Logical equivalence

Logical equivalence. Two propositions are said to be logically equivalent if their truth tables are identical. Example: ~p  q is logically equivalent to p  q. T. T. T. T. F. F. T. F. F. T. T. T. F. F. T. T. Converse (1).

4.79k views • 49 slides

Equivalence Testing

Equivalence Testing. Peter A. Lachenbruch Director, Division of Biostatistics CBER. Do Two Antigens Evoke Similar Responses?. Do new antigen and standard antigen have the same mean response? A challenge of each antigen is applied to two sides on the back of a subject.

901 views • 26 slides

Equivalence Testing

Equivalence Testing. Dig it!. Tests of Equivalence. As has been mentioned, the typical method of NHST applied to looking for differences between groups does not technically allow us to conclude equivalence just because we do not reject null

840 views • 25 slides

Equivalence Partitioning

Equivalence Partitioning. Testing by Splitting Data Into Equivalence Classes. Mihail Parvanov. Team Lead. ASP.NET Team 2. Telerik QA Academy. Table of Contents. Equivalence Partitioning – Basic Principles Equivalence Partitioning Examples Some Useful Hints

2.03k views • 62 slides

Ensemble equivalence

Ensemble equivalence. The problem of equivalence between canonical and microcanonical ensemble : canonical ensemble contains systems of all energies . How come this leads to the same thermodynamics the microcanonical ensemble generates with fixed E ? . Heuristic consideration.

473 views • 8 slides

Equivalence Classes

Equivalence Classes. Ps625 Concept Formation Dr. Ken Reeve Caldwell College Grad ABA Programs. Definition. a finite group of physically disparate stimuli (no perceptual similarity)

689 views • 55 slides

Logical Equivalence

Logical Equivalence. Commutative laws: p  q = q  p, p  q = q  p Associative laws: (p  q)  r = p  (q  r), (p  q)  r = p  (q  r) Distributive laws: p  (q  r) = (p  q)  (p  r) p  (q  r) = (p  q)  (p  r)

549 views • 28 slides

Ambivalent Equivalence

By Adam Williams. Ambivalent Equivalence. Equiva what? . The concept of equivalent fractions is difficult for many students to ascertain and fully understand.

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Fault Equivalence

Fault Equivalence. Number of fault sites in a Boolean gate circuit is = #PI + #gates + # (fanout branches) Fault equivalence : Two faults f1 and f2 are equivalent if all tests that detect f1 also detect f2.

825 views • 28 slides

Equivalence:

Equivalence:. Connecting Concepts in Networks Efficiently. Daniel C. DeRosa Behavior Analysis. Autism Spectrum Disorders. 1 in 80 to 1 in 240 I in 110 Estimated 1 in 94 boys born in the United States (Based on CDC Report). Difficulties in: Interacting socially

484 views • 27 slides

Equivalence Relations

Equivalence Relations. Rosen 7.5. Equivalence Relation. A relation on a set A is called an equivalence relation if it is Reflexive Symmetric Transitive Two elements that are related by an equivalence relation are called equivalent. Some preliminaries.

1.14k views • 24 slides

Equivalence Relations

Equivalence Relations. Aaron Bloomfield CS 202 Rosen, section 7.5. Introduction. Certain combinations of relation properties are very useful We won’t have a chance to see many applications in this course In this set we will study equivalence relations

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CONFOUNDING EQUIVALENCE

CONFOUNDING EQUIVALENCE. Judea Pearl – UCLA, USA Azaria Paz – Technion, Israel (www.cs.ucla.edu/~judea/). L. T. Z. W 1. W 4. ?. Z  T. W 2. W 3. V 1. V 2. X. Y. Bias =. CONFOUNDING EQUIVALENCE. PROBLEM: When would two measurements be

267 views • 11 slides

Equivalence Checking

Sean Weaver. Equivalence Checking. Equivalence Checking. Prove whether or not two Boolean expressions are functionally equivalent This talk will focus specifically on equivalence checking of pairs of combinational circuits. Types of Circuits. Combinational Circuit Digital circuit

911 views • 52 slides

Equivalence Relations

Equivalence Relations. A relation on set A is called an equivalence relation if it is: reflexive, symmetric, and Transitive We use the notation a  b. Example. Let R be a relation on set A , where A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and R = {(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (1,3), (3,1)}

1.5k views • 13 slides

Equivalence Testing

Equivalence Testing. Dig it!. Outline. Intro Two one-sided test approach Alternative: regular CI approach Tryon approach with “ inferential ” confidence intervals. Tests of Equivalence.

579 views • 24 slides

Type Equivalence Rules

Type Equivalence Rules. Ada Strict name equivalence except for almost everything Unique array constructors give rise to unique types Subtypes can create a new type or just an (equivalent) alias type Age1 is new integer; -- new and different type

294 views • 13 slides

Equivalence Relations

Equivalence Relations. MSU CSE 260. Outline. Introduction Equivalence Relations Definition, Examples Equivalence Classes Definition Equivalence Classes and Partitions Theorems Example. Introduction. Consider the relation R on the set of MSU students:

180 views • 10 slides

Type Equivalence Rules

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Equivalence

Equivalence. We have already introduced the idea of equivalence in discussing translation. Equivalence. We have already introduced the idea of equivalence in discussing translation. -(AvB) is equivalent to -A&-B. Equivalence. We have already introduced the idea of equivalence

371 views • 12 slides

Equivalence Theory

Equivalence Theory. Simonson, Michael, Schlosser, Charles, and Hanson, Dan. 1999. Theory and distance education: A new discussion. The American Journal of Distance Education 13 (1).

252 views • 10 slides

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