Velondriake “live with the sea ” Community-Based Managed Protected Area

1. Madagascar Campaign Velondriake“live with the sea” Community-Based Managed Protected Area FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

2. Geographical location

3. The Site (Velondriake) • Spans over 700 km2 , 40km of coast , 23 villages • Incorporating: Coral reefs, mangroves, sea grass beds, baobab forests, spiny forests. • Community based MPA • Network coordinated management system • Dina (local law and limited national recognition) • Vezo (indigenous, nomadic, only recently monetized economy) • Extreme social and economic isolation • Total dependence on marine resources / no alternatives! • Absolute poverty (under 2$ a day) • Management was piloted as a fisheries management tool, in order to enhance fisheries revenue (especially octopus) FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

4. The social marketing campaign will target community leaders, MPA management, local fishermen and the migratory Saraha people to increase compliance and enforcement of the Dina in the Velondriake MPA, in particular in relation to beach seine netting and poison fishing. The desired behavior change will be the consistent enforcement of the Dina through reporting of illegal activities, participation to Dina enforcement meeting and appropriate fining of poachers (both local and migratory). The campaign will also aim to convince the local community to invite the Fisheries Control Agency to help with patrolling and enforcement of the Dina. The Strategy FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

5. Velondriake theory of Change FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

6. CR Conservation Result Increase fish population in the most threatened villages to 20% by 2014 FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

7. K CR Knowledge Conservation Result Changing minds • Challenge/Threat: Lack of full commitment from protected area managers and community leaders. Lack of knowledge about the effect of destructive fishing to fish recruitment by resources users. • Solution: Leadership training and effective management skills to leaders; awareness raising to community members and fishermen using destructive fishing. FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

8. A K CR Attitude Knowledge Conservation Result Changing hearts • Challenge/Threat: community leaders are not willing to execute their role , local fishermen are not involved in the management action and destructive techniques users do not comply to the Protected area Solution: leaders will feel more responsible of the Velondriake management success; awareness raising will help community members to understand that they also have an important role to play with the Dina enforcement and migrates will understand the objective of the implementation of the MPA and its Dina. FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

9. IC A K CR Attitude Knowledge Conservation Result Interpersonal communications Changing the dialogue • Challenge: Lack of empowerment among community leaders and community members in resources management and Dina enforcement.Solution: Community dialogue about collaboration between managers/leaders and community members to improve management plan and level of trust. FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

10. BR IC A K CR Barrier Removal Attitude Knowledge Conservation Result Interpersonal Com. Changing the incentives Challenge: nepotism between community members and fear of migrants fishermen by local community in term of Law enforcement Solution: Blue ventures staff will help for community dialogue and Fishery controller agency will help to enforce the Velondriake Dina to offenders. FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

11. BC BR IC A K CR Behavior Change Barrier Removal Attitude Knowledge Conservation Result Interpersonal Com. Changing behavior • Challenge: Local leaders and community members are not enforcing the Dina, local and migrants fishermen don’t comply to the Velondriake Dina by using destructive methods for fishing • Solution: Complete Dina enforcement by leaders; participation of community members and destructive methods users should stop beach seine or modify their net and use them only in the surface. FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

12. BC CR K IC A TR BR Conservation Result Behavior Change Knowledge Threat Reduction Barrier Removal Attitude Interpersonal Com. Changing level of threat • Challenge: Fish population are declining due to destructive fishing Solution: Reduce beach seine net users and Eliminate the use of poison fishing. FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

13. Concept Model FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

14. Threat Ranking FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

15. Factor chain FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

16. Factor Chain & Results Chain FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

17. Target audience Community leaders (village elders, MPA management, village presidents) Fishermen (age 15-35) and pirogue owners Local and migratory beach seine netters • Desired behavior change • Enforce the Dina (collect evidence, have meetings and give fines) • Sign a letter of support to invite Fisheries control • Raise awareness about the Dina • Comply with the Dina • Report fishermen who use destructive fishing techniques (poison and beach seine nets) and compliance with MPA zoning • Raise awareness about the Dina • Stop the use of beach seine nets or use them only on the water surface • Barriers to BC • Fear that fisheries control may override them? • Fear of FCA to sanction the community and creating conflict • Some community leaders use/own beach seine nets • Don’t consider the environmental Dina as important as it is not linked to ancestors (tabu) • Don’t always recognize the MPA management as the right leaders • Consider it their tradition and right • Will get less money Barriers to Behavior Change FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

18. Impact Feasibility • 3 2 • 3 2 • 2 1 • 4 2 • 3 1 • 1 3 • Objective 1: Reduce poison fishing • Work with the Velondriake management committee and community leaders to determine how people will investigate cases of poison fishing and enforce the Dina on poison fishers, and fish buyers • Night armed youth patrol to check activities from shore • Objective 2: Reduce beach seine netting • Gear Exchange for local fishermen and also with migrant Saraha people. Once local fisherman stop the practice, it will be easier for communities to call fish enforcement agency or enforce the Dina. • Fisheries Control Agency (Ministry of Fishing and Agriculture) to raise awareness and enforce DINA and national fishing legislation. Train community leaders to report cases of beach seining to Fish Enforcement Agency. • Lobby Mayor and Gendarmerie for gendarme presence in Bevato to protect local population from Saraha thereby enabling them to enforce Dina. • Work with the Velondriake management committee and community leaders to determine how people will investigate cases of beach seine netting, resolve conflicts and enforce the Dina on beach seine fishers management options you considered and which ones you chose (5min) Management Options FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

19. TBDTBDTBD 4 4 3 3.6 3 3 2 4 3.5 2.8 3 3 BRAVO (Barrier Removal Assessment Viability Overview) FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

20. Results from preliminary pilot questionnaire (N160): xxXxxx • 30% (43) of people cited poison fishing as one of the reasons for decreasing marine resources when asked to evaluate • Almost nobody has ever enforced the Dina in relation to Poison fishing and beach seine netting but almost everybody says that they are willing to attend a meeting to enforce it in the future • 4 people say that they have reported someone breaking the Dina before (2 once and 2 3 times) • 28 people say they have given a warning to someone about breaking the V. Dina • 30 elder or village president, 15 pirogue owners, 8 V . Community committee members • 95% of people think that the marine resources in the Velondriake area are decreasing • 28% (40) of people cited beach seine netting as one of the reasons for decreasing marine resources Questionnaire results FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

21. Results from preliminary pilot questionnaire (N160)Level of trust for different sources of information: Insert some of the most interesting results from your survey here, particularly results that may have helped you validate your assuptionsabout the barrier removal strategy (5min) xxXxxx Velondriake Committee: 26% trustworthy 58% somewhat trustworthy8% not trustworthy Fisheries controller:49% not trustworthy32% somewhat trustworthy8% trustworthy Elders:55% somewhat trustworthy21% trustworthy14% not trustworthy Blue Ventures24% trustworthy53% somewhat trustworthy13% not trustworthy Questionnaire results FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

22. Results from preliminary pilot questionnaire (N160): Insert some of the most interesting results from your survey here, particularly results that may have helped you validate your assumptions about the barrier removal strategy (5min) xxXxxx Questionnaire results FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

23. BR strategy: • Fisheries Control Agency (FCA) to come and help patrol the Velondriake MPA and help enforce the local Dina (which is also considered national law). • Fisheries Control Agency (FCA) have already said that they will be willing to do so provided that there is local support for their intervention. The strategy is therefore for the campaign to raise awareness and support and get the village leaders to sign a letter of support/invitation for FCA to come and patrol the area (within 6 moths from start of the campaign?). • Outstanding questions • All details of FCA involvement still need to be agreed and formalized: • timing (when to start patrols, frequency of patrols) • FC involvement in the raising awareness campaign • Vessel (by BV?) and crew (FCA) • Evidence collection and prosecuting procedures • Communication (reporting of illegal activities, collaboration with MPA and village leaders) • Costs (vessel, per diem, fuel, other?) • Potential funder PACP (Projetd’Appui aux Communautes des Pecheurs) Insert info on your barrier removal strategy (in other words “what needs to happen on top of the campaign for the campaign to be successful?”) . Share where you are at (if you have them: timeline, budget, RACI chart); what makes you think this strategy will be successful (share examples from elsewhere if you have them); how will success be measured?) You can insert up to 3 slides for this section (10min) xxXxxx BROP (Barrier Removal Operational Plan) & partners FIJI BROP WORKSHOP

24. People with beach seine nets may opportunistically use them because they have them Conflict amongst community members and leaders may slow things down or mean the Dina can not be enforced Enforcement may lead to social and political unrest People with beach seine nets may not be able to afford not to beach seine. Would it be better to ban beach seine net use altogether or to ask people to use them only on the surface? Political elections may coincide with campaign period what do you think are the weaknesses of the strategy, your doubts and outstanding questions (3min) This is your opportunity to share your concerns and ask questions for the group to discuss later during the day xxXxxx Risks & questions FIJI BROP WORKSHOP