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The Rise of Dictatorships in Europe

The Rise of Dictatorships in Europe. Socials 11. After WWI. Countries ruined from war Depression Europe was in search of stability and prosperity Started wondering whether capitalism and democracy were really the answer. Soviet Union : The Ascension of Joseph Stalin.

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The Rise of Dictatorships in Europe

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  1. The Rise of Dictatorships in Europe Socials 11

  2. After WWI • Countries ruined from war • Depression • Europe was in search of stability and prosperity • Started wondering whether capitalism and democracy were really the answer

  3. Soviet Union : The Ascension of Joseph Stalin • Lenin and the Bolsheviks: first communist government, first totalitarian state. • Stalin took over in 1928 • Industrialization at the cost of human sacrifice without precedent • “man of steel” • Collectivization of land = 7 million died of famine

  4. Stalin and Communism • Governed 1924-1953 • Extermination of hispoliticalopponents = about 3 million victims • Communism • The state is omnipotent and omnipresent • Everyoneequal, no class system, resourcessharedequally • The state assumes all control over peoples’ lives as well as the economy. • All land must begiven up to the government

  5. Fascist Italy • Benito Mussolini • Fascistgovernment = opposed to democracy, controls all media, nationalistic, relies on military and police to maintainabsolute control • « The state above all else! »

  6. Italy in the 20s: heavylosses, homelessness, economicdifficulties. • 1922 – Mussolini overthrows the government in Rome • Mussolini takes the title « Il Duce » or « the leader » • Censorship and extremelimits on freedom of expression

  7. Germany After WWI • Germany heldresponsible for the war • Treaty of Versailles: • Territorylosses • Military restrictions • Hugereparationsowed • Inflation

  8. Adolf Hitler and the Rise of National Socialism • Hitler promised to: • Tear up the Treaty of Versailles • Restore Germany to her former glory • Raise a powerfularmy • Render to Germany the peoples and territoriessituated in the countries created by the treaty: Austria, Checkoslovakia, and Poland.

  9. Eloquent speaker • Founder of the German National Socialist party, or Nazi Party • Mein Kampf = « my struggle » • Aryans = superior race • Destiny • Anschluss = unification of Germany and Austria • Conquer Europe • 1933: Hitler electedchancellor, becomes « der Fuhrer » or « the leader »

  10. Questions?

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