Topic: Respiration Aim: Why is Respiration neccessary?

1. Topic: Respiration Aim: Why is Respiration neccessary? DO NOW: Identify the following equipement and explain why is it needed? This equipment is _______________ and it is used for _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________

2. The process of releasing chemical energy by breaking down organic compounds (food molecules) with the use of oxygen Respiration

3. Raw materials of Respiration GLUCOSE (nutrients) and OXYGEN

4. Products of Respiration • ENERGY • CARBON DIOXIDE • WATER

5. FORMULAS1. Word 2. Chemical C6H12O6 + O2 ATP + CO2 + H2O

6. Respiration Occurs in the __________________ Of cells MITOCHONDRIA

7. TWO TYPES RESPIRATION The type of respiration that requires oxygen Total energy produced from 1 molecule of glucose = 36 ATP Aerobic Respiration

8. The type of respiration that does not require oxygen to be present • Total energy produced from 1 molecule of glucose • = 2 ATP • ALSO produces • lactic acid • alcohol Anaerobic Respiration

9. Forms because of an inadequate supply of oxygen Lactic Acid Result muscle fatigue and cramping.

12. Topic: Respiration Aim: How are humans adapted for respiration? Adaptations that humans have for respiration include:_________________________________________________________________ Do Now: Recall the definition of adaptation and brainstorm some ideas that apply to the aim

13. Aim: How do the structures of the respiratory system assist in the breathing process? Day 2 Do Now: Handout Question 1-10 HOMEWORK: Textbook pgs 568-576 Vocab. and Q’s # 1-5

14. The Human Respiratory system Space where air enters the respiratory system through structures called nostrils 1. Nasal Cavity • 3 Functions: • Warms • Moistens • Filters Nostril

15. Contains nostrils: opening to the nasal passages nasal passages: lined with a mucus membrane with cilia

16. Tube-like passageway used for air and food 2. Pharynx “throat”

17. Throat Contains the epiglottis

18. 3. Epiglottis • Flap of elastic cartilage tissue • Covers trachea when swallowing food or liquids to prevent from choking

19. Choking on food is most likely caused by an interference with the proper functioning of the • diaphragm • nasal cavity • bronchial tubes • epiglottis

20. A continuation of the airway 4. Larynx Lined with two folds of tissue called vocal cords A.k.a. voice box

21. 5. Trachea A continuation of airway Approximately 12cm in length Lined with mucous and cilia a.k.a. windpipe

22. Trachea

24. Can you feel yours? Why is the trachea surrounded by cartilage? Surrounded by cartilage To prevent collapsing

25. 2 short tubes used as airway 6. Bronchi Branches of the trachea Bronchi – plural Bronchus -singular Bronchi

26. WHy do we have 2 bronchi? We have two lungs!!!!

27. Topic: Respiration How does respiration occur? Aim: Do Now: Grapes are Similar to our respiratory system because: Explain three similarities between the human respiratory system and a bundle of grapes

28. Microscopic branches of the bronchi 7. Bronchioles Each branch ends with an alveolus

30. Alveoli- plural Alveolus - singular 8. Alveoli Tiny air sacs Surrounded by capillaries Where the gas exchange occurs

35. Diagrams A and B represent structures found in the human body. Diagram B represents the functional unit of which structure represented in diagram A? structure 1 structure 2 structure 3 structure 4

36. The respiratory system includes a layer of cells in the air passages that clean the air before it gets to the lungs. This layer of cells is best classified as a tissue an organ an organelle an organ system

37. Make a hypothesis ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ State a conclusion ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

38. Topic: Aim: Respiration How does exercise affect breathing rate? Do Now: MAKE A HYPOTHESIS ABOUT THE AIM. ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________

39. Make a conclusion ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

40. ____ __ __________ The exchange of gases between the organism and its surrounding environment. _______ __________ Done by inhaling and exhaling

41. The exchange of gases between the respiratory system and the circulatory system Internal Respiration __ Through the capillaries

42. Gas exchange occurs because of diffusion Oxygen diffuses into the blood (out of alveoli) Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood (into alveoli)

43. What controls inhalation and exhalation? The Diaphragm The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle tissue that lines the bottom of the chest cavity

45. As the diaphragm moves up, the ribs move down and in. This creates a smaller chest cavity and that forces air out of the respiratory system which is known as exhalation How does the diaphragm work?

46. As the diaphragm moves down, the ribs move up and out. This creates a larger chest cavity and that forces air into the respiratory system which is known as inhalation

48. What controls that action of the diaphragm? Your Brain!!!!!!!!