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Islam

Islam. Mr. Bach Accelerated World History. Prophet Mohammed (570 – 632). Was a merchant on caravan routes outside of Mecca and Medina (modern day Saudi Arabia). Birth of Islam. Starting in 610 AD, the Angel Gabriel appeared to Mohammed and revealed a vision of God to him. The Koran.

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Islam

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  1. Islam Mr. Bach Accelerated World History

  2. Prophet Mohammed (570 – 632) • Was a merchant on caravan routes outside of Mecca and Medina (modern day Saudi Arabia)

  3. Birth of Islam • Starting in 610 AD, the Angel Gabriel appeared to Mohammed and revealed a vision of God to him.

  4. The Koran • Mohammed writes the Koran, the Holy Book of Islam, between 610 – 632 AD.

  5. Exile of Mohammed • Raises a small band of converts in Medina

  6. Siege of Mecca: 622 - 630 • Destroyed Pagan idols in the city • Mecca and Medina become center of the Muslim world

  7. Pilgrimage to Jerusalem • Mohammed ascends to heaven in 631 AD from Jerusalem

  8. Islam after Mohammed • Schism – followers differed over who should be Mohammed’s successor • Caliph – leader of the Muslim community

  9. Sunni Islam and Shi’a Islam • Islam covered 2/3s of the known world by 1500 AD. • Today: Sunni = 85%, Shi’a 15% (Iran)

  10. What does it mean to be Muslim? • The Five Pillars of Islam

  11. Pillar #1 • The Koran is the word of God and Mohammed is his Prophet.

  12. Pillar #2 • Prayer 5 times per day towards Mecca.

  13. Pillar #3 • Set aside part of your income for charity (tithing)

  14. Pillar #4 • Fasting during Ramadan

  15. Pillar #5 • Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)

  16. Other Beliefs of Islam • Recognize Abraham, Moses, and Jesus as great prophets • But Mohammed is the last and greatest of the prophets.

  17. Two Worlds • Dar-al-Islam: The Islamic World • Also called the Muslim Ummah • Dar-al-Harb: the House of War (Infidels)

  18. People of the Book • Jews and Christians • Often times treated as Dhimmis (second class citizens) • Had to pay taxes and not as many rights as Muslims.

  19. Shari’a • Strict Islamic Law • The law of God – given in the Koran • Present in Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Iran and elsewhere today.

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